General AI research publications from MBZUAI, KAUST, TII, QCRI, and other GCC institutions, including conference papers, journal articles, and preprints.
KAUST has been selected as an official nominator for The Earthshot Prize, an environmental initiative founded by Prince William and Sir David Attenborough. The prize will award £1 million each to five winners annually from 2021 to 2030, focusing on solutions for environmental challenges. KAUST is one of 41 universities and the sole representative from Saudi Arabia among the nominators. Why it matters: This partnership positions KAUST as a key player in identifying and promoting innovative environmental solutions within the region and globally, aligning with Saudi Arabia's sustainability goals.
Four KAUST scientists received The Supreme Council of Almarai Prize for Scientific Creativity at the 19th annual award event held at KACST in Riyadh. Mohamed Eddaoudi and Osman Bakr jointly received the Almarai Distinguished Scientist Award. Another KAUST researcher also received an award at the event. Why it matters: The award recognizes and supports scientific research and innovation within Saudi Arabia, promoting scientific excellence among researchers in Saudi universities.
Lawrence Carin, former VP for Research at Duke University, has been appointed Provost of KAUST. Carin's background includes a professorship at Duke, and research and administrative roles. He is a researcher in AI/ML, with over 450 papers and an H-index of 86. Why it matters: The appointment signals KAUST's continued focus on attracting global AI talent and advancing its digital thematic priorities.
KAUST responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on scientific research and innovation, including pivoting existing startups to address new challenges. Wayakit, a KAUST startup, adapted its disinfectant product for safer air travel and partnered with Swissport International for use in Saudi airports. KAUST also joined the University-Industry Demonstration Partnership (UIDP) and the Stanford-led Open IP Access Framework to accelerate technology transfer. Why it matters: This highlights the role of research universities in rapidly translating scientific findings into practical solutions during crises, and KAUST's efforts to bridge academia and industry.
KAUST researchers have developed a novel wastewater treatment method that recovers energy while removing ammonium. The process harnesses anammox bacteria to oxidize ammonium and generate electrical current or hydrogen gas. Pilot-scale reactors are being tested at KAUST, coupled with photovoltaic panels for solar-powered wastewater treatment. Why it matters: This approach could lead to more energy-efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment, aligning with circular economy principles.
KAUST has announced the call for applications for the Al-Khwarizmi doctoral fellowships. The fellowships offer stipends, free tuition, and supplementary grants for Ph.D. studies at KAUST. The fellowships are open to nationals or residents of the 47 member states of the Council of Europe holding an MSc degree. Why it matters: This program aims to attract top international talent to KAUST, fostering research and development in science and technology within Saudi Arabia.
KAUST Professor Zhiping Lai has been jointly awarded AIChE's 2020 Industrial Gases Award, along with Hae-Kwon Jeong from Texas A&M University. The award recognizes sustained excellence in advancing technology related to the production, distribution, and application of industrial gases. Lai was specifically recognized for his pioneering contributions to metal-organic framework membranes for gas separations development as part of the KAUST Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center. Why it matters: This award highlights KAUST's leadership in advanced materials research and its potential impact on energy-efficient separation technologies in the region and globally.
KAUST's Vice President for Research, Donal Bradley, has been named a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI). Bradley is recognized as a pioneer of soluble semiconductors and co-inventor of conjugated polymer electroluminescence. He co-founded multiple companies including Cambridge Display Technology Ltd. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's continued contributions to impactful research and innovation in advanced materials and engineering.
Clarivate Web of Science Group recognized fifteen KAUST faculty members and one postdoctoral researcher among the 2020 Highly Cited Researchers. These individuals rank in the top 1% of research cited worldwide across diverse fields. They are leaders in health, environment, communications, and food security. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's commitment to pioneering research and its growing influence in addressing globally relevant challenges.
KAUST and Lean Business Services (the digital arm of the Saudi health sector) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to advance AI and data science for a "smart health" ecosystem in Saudi Arabia. During the COVID-19 pandemic, they collaborated to provide the Saudi Ministry of Health with AI-driven trends and analysis. KAUST's Shaheen II supercomputer was utilized to process healthcare data. Why it matters: This partnership aims to develop AI and advanced analytics solutions to enhance healthcare access, quality, and cost-efficiency in line with Saudi Vision 2030.
This paper presents the synthesis of a 1-DoF six-bar gripper mechanism for aerial grasping, designed for a task in the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC) 2020. The synthesis process involves selecting the mechanism class, determining the number of links and joints using algebraic methods, and optimizing link dimensions via geometric programming. The gripper was modeled in CAD software, additively manufactured, and mounted on a UAV with a DC motor for gripping spherical objects. Why it matters: The research contributes to advancements in robotics and aerial manipulation, with potential applications in various industries, particularly for tasks requiring remote object retrieval and manipulation.
This paper details an autonomous cooperative wall-building system using UAVs developed for Challenge 2 of the MBZIRC 2020 competition. The system employs scanning, RGB-D detection, precise grasping, and multi-UAV coordination to place bricks on a wall. The CTU-UPenn-NYU approach achieved the highest score in the competition by correctly placing the most bricks. Why it matters: This demonstrates advanced capabilities in robotics and autonomous systems relevant for construction and infrastructure development in challenging environments.
KAUST launched the Circular Carbon Initiative (CCI) to address carbon management, capture, conversion, and storage of atmospheric CO2. The initiative involves developing materials and technologies to capture CO2 and exploring geothermal energy and geological storage. Novel fuel production will redefine CO2 as a valuable material through e-fuel developments. Why it matters: The CCI positions KAUST as a key player in developing sustainable technologies and contributing to Saudi Arabia's climate goals.
KAUST Professor Mohamed-Slim Alouini has been elected as a 2021 Fellow of the Optical Society (OSA) for his contributions to optical wireless communications. Alouini is a professor of electrical and computer engineering and the associate dean of the CEMSE Division at KAUST. He was also appointed by KAUST as Distinguished Professor, effective November 1, 2020. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's growing influence in cutting-edge research areas like wireless communication and optics within the Middle East.
This study investigates the correlation between Google Trends data for COVID-19 symptoms and the actual number of COVID-19 cases in Saudi Arabia between March and October 2020. The researchers found that searches for "cough" and "sore throat" were most frequent, while "loss of smell", "loss of taste", and "diarrhea" showed the highest correlation with confirmed cases. The study concludes that Google searches can serve as a supplementary surveillance tool for monitoring the spread of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Why it matters: The research demonstrates the potential of using readily available digital data to augment traditional surveillance methods for public health monitoring in the region.
KAUST alumnus Thomas DeCarlo studies coral reefs using sclerochronology and other techniques like carbonate geochemistry and Raman spectroscopy. He analyzes coral cores to understand their growth and response to ocean warming and acidification. DeCarlo emphasizes the importance of coral reefs for marine biodiversity and coastal protection. Why it matters: This research highlights KAUST's contribution to marine science and the critical need to understand and protect coral reefs in the face of climate change, especially in regions like the Red Sea.
This survey paper reviews the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP) research and applications in the Arab world. It discusses the unique challenges posed by the Arabic language, such as its morphological complexity and dialectal diversity. The paper also presents a historical overview of Arabic NLP and surveys various research areas, including machine translation, sentiment analysis, and speech recognition. Why it matters: The survey provides a comprehensive resource for researchers and practitioners interested in the current state and future directions of Arabic NLP, a field critical for enabling AI technologies to serve Arabic-speaking communities.
KAUST Professor Suzana Nunes received the LEWAS 2020 Award in the Academic Achievement category. The award recognizes her work in polymeric membranes for water, energy, and environmental applications, as well as her mentorship of young female scientists. LEWAS (Leadership Excellence for Women Awards and Symposium) promotes women in the energy sector in the Middle East. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's contributions to sustainable technologies and showcases its commitment to supporting women in STEM.
KAUST has launched the KAUST Challenge: Ideas and Solutions for Hajj & Umrah 2020, in partnership with The Makkah Cultural Forum. The challenge aims to catalyze research, innovation, and economic development in Saudi Arabia. The KAUST Challenge will award 1 million SAR in cash and other prizes for ideas to improve the Hajj and Umrah experience and advance efforts to make Makkah a smart city. Why it matters: This initiative connects AI innovation directly to Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 and the specific needs of religious tourism, a unique application area.
KAUST's coastal wetlands contain 90 hectares of protected mangroves that support over 240 bird species and various marine life. These mangroves, predominantly Avicennia marina, sequester CO2 at a rate 30 times higher than other forests, burying it in sediment. This "blue carbon" storage occurs because the lack of oxygen in mangrove soils prevents the degradation of organic matter. Why it matters: This highlights the critical role of Red Sea mangroves in carbon sequestration and biodiversity, emphasizing their importance for regional climate change mitigation.
This paper presents two robotic systems developed for the MBZIRC 2020 competition, designed for autonomous wall construction. The systems utilize a UGV with 3D LiDAR for precise brick pose estimation and a UAV employing real-time visual servoing. The authors report results from the competition and lab experiments, discussing lessons learned from the autonomous wall-building task. Why it matters: The work highlights advancements in mobile manipulation and autonomous robotics, with potential applications in construction and infrastructure development in the region.
KAUST has launched the KAUST SME Innovation Services program to foster the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia. The program aims to provide SMEs with access to KAUST's innovation ecosystem, helping them increase their customer base and reach new markets. This initiative follows a comprehensive survey of 500 SMEs conducted in partnership with various organizations, including Monsha'at and the Jeddah Chamber of Commerce. Why it matters: This program supports Saudi Vision 2030's goal of increasing SME GDP contributions and strengthens the Kingdom's economic landscape by leveraging university resources.
Researchers introduce ASAD, a new large-scale, high-quality Arabic Sentiment Analysis Dataset based on 95K tweets with positive, negative, and neutral labels. The dataset is launched with a competition sponsored by KAUST offering a total of 17000 USD in prizes. Baseline models are implemented and results reported to provide a reference for competition participants.
KAUST Professor Tadeusz Patzek has received the EAGE Desiderius Erasmus Award for his contributions to energy supply research. The award recognizes Patzek's analysis of shale gas and biofuels, as well as his work on climate change and environmental damage. Patzek currently directs the Ali I. Al-Naimi Petroleum Engineering Research Center at KAUST, focusing on the impact of fossil fuels and agrofuels on social and ecological systems. Why it matters: The recognition highlights KAUST's contribution to research on sustainable energy strategies and their impact on global environmental policy.
This paper presents a fully autonomous micro aerial vehicle (MAV) developed to pop balloons using onboard sensing and computing. The system was evaluated at the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC) 2020. The MAV successfully popped all five balloons in under two minutes in each of the three competition runs. Why it matters: This demonstrates the potential of autonomous robotics and computer vision for real-world applications in challenging environments.
KAUST Professor Peng Wang has been awarded the 2020 Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water (PSIPW). Wang's research focuses on using solar energy for fresh-water generation, industrial brine treatment, atmospheric water harvesting, and solar PV cooling. His recent work involves a hydrogel cooling panel for solar cells to improve efficiency in hot climates. Why it matters: This award recognizes impactful research addressing water scarcity and energy challenges in arid regions like Saudi Arabia through innovative solar-driven technologies.
An article from KAUST discusses the impact of COVID-19 on automation, material science, and VR. It suggests increased automation, voice activation, and motion detection to reduce transmission in public spaces. KAUST faculty member Derya Baran is working on antimicrobial materials for high-touch locations, and KAUST is exploring VR for virtual labs. Why it matters: The pandemic is accelerating the adoption of AI-driven solutions and advanced materials research within Saudi Arabia to address public health challenges.
A global census, with KAUST participation, assessed reef shark populations using Baited Remote Underwater Video Systems (BRUVS). The study found reef shark populations thrive where there are marine conservation policies and fishing regulations. However, they are scarce in areas with overfishing and poor resource protections, with sharks absent on nearly 20% of surveyed reefs. Why it matters: The research highlights the importance of conservation management for reef sharks, key apex predators and indicators of reef health, especially in the Red Sea region.
KAUST's Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) is expanding its partnership with the Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC). The collaboration aims to advance water desalination technologies in line with national priorities. The partnership will also focus on training the next generation of experts in the Kingdom. Why it matters: This expansion strengthens Saudi Arabia's focus on sustainable water solutions through research and development.
KAUST has become the first Middle Eastern university to join the University-Industry Demonstration Partnership (UIDP), an invite-only program including universities like Stanford, Yale, and Oxford. The UIDP focuses on identifying key issues impacting university-industry relations and fostering collaboration. KAUST aims to provide valuable insights to fellow UIDP members and translate its research to industry. Why it matters: This partnership enhances KAUST's role as a bridge between academia and industry in the region, fostering innovation and economic development in Saudi Arabia and the wider Middle East.
KAUST Ph.D. graduate Tariq Alturkestani won the best paper award at Euro-Par 2020 for his doctoral thesis on overlapping I/O and compute in large-scale scientific computation using multilayered buffering mechanisms. His work re-evaluates the Reverse Time Migration (RTM) method used by geoscientists for oil and gas explorations, utilizing emerging storage technologies. The paper was co-authored with Professor David Keyes and Dr. Hatem Ltaief from the KAUST Extreme Computing Research Center (ECRC). Why it matters: This award highlights KAUST's growing prominence as a hub for Saudi talent and research in supercomputing and extreme computing, particularly in applications relevant to the region's energy sector.
KAUST President Tony F. Chan has been awarded the 2020 SIAM Prize for Distinguished Service to the Profession. The award recognizes Chan's contributions to applied and computational mathematics, imaging science, and scientific computing. Chan has served on advisory boards for KAIST, SUSTech, and the University of Vienna, and is a member of the NEOM Higher Council. Why it matters: The recognition highlights KAUST's leadership and influence in advancing mathematical sciences and its applications on a global stage.
QualSens, a KAUST startup, is developing a smart sensor for monitoring and enhancing process control in water desalination systems. The sensor uses fluorescent enzymatic sensing to detect bacterial activity and fouling at an early stage. The system alerts operators to start cleaning the system based on the sensor feedbacks, helping to decrease energy demand for drinking water production. Why it matters: This technology could significantly improve the efficiency and reduce the costs of desalination, a critical process for water security in the Middle East.
The Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI) and Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to collaborate in advancing artificial intelligence research and education. The partnership aims to foster joint projects, exchange programs, and knowledge sharing in areas of mutual interest within AI. Why it matters: This agreement signifies growing cooperation between the UAE and Israel in strategic technology sectors like AI, potentially accelerating innovation and development in both countries.
KAUST's Machinist Development Apprenticeship Program (MDAP) graduated its second cohort in August 2020, training Saudi nationals in advanced manufacturing technologies. The 18-month program provides in-depth training at the Workshops Core Lab in collaboration with Yanbu Industrial College. Graduates acquire skills to contribute to Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 in the manufacturing sector. Why it matters: This program addresses the need for skilled local talent in advanced manufacturing, crucial for diversifying the Saudi economy and achieving its Vision 2030 goals.
This paper proposes a smart dome system for mosques that uses machine learning to automatically control dome ventilation based on weather conditions and outside temperatures. The system was tested on the Prophet Mosque in Saudi Arabia using K-Nearest Neighbors and Decision Tree algorithms. The Decision Tree algorithm achieved a higher accuracy of 98% compared to 95% for the k-NN algorithm.
KAUST research scientist Giuseppe Genduso has received the 2020 NAMS Young Membrane Scientist Award. Genduso's research at the KAUST Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Center focuses on understanding polymer membrane behavior for fluid separation. His work explores the sorption and diffusion of gases in advanced polymer materials. Why it matters: This award recognizes Genduso's contributions to membrane technology, which holds promise for energy-efficient fluid separations and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the chemical industry.
SaudiVax, located in the KAUST Research & Technology Park, is collaborating with the University of Pittsburgh and Merck France to develop a COVID-19 antibody injection. The antibody both protects against potential infection and neutralizes the virus in those already infected. SaudiVax is utilizing KAUST expertise and has contracted with Merck France for manufacturing since suitable facilities are not yet available in Saudi Arabia. Why it matters: This partnership highlights the growing biopharmaceutical capabilities in Saudi Arabia and the potential for KAUST to serve as a hub for medical innovation in the region.
KAUST Associate Professor Peiying Hong delivered a lecture on using wastewater testing to detect outbreaks earlier. The lecture explains how wastewater testing could lead to faster detection and more effective response to future pandemics. The research was presented at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Why it matters: Wastewater epidemiology can provide early warnings for emerging pathogens and improve public health preparedness in the region.
KAUST Professor of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, Dr. Peter Markowich, has been named a 2020 Fellow to the European Academy of Sciences. This recognizes his work in the mathematical and numerical analysis of partial differential equations. Markowich joined KAUST in 2011 and has contributed to over 270 projects worldwide. Why it matters: This honor brings recognition to KAUST's faculty and highlights the university's contribution to advanced mathematical research with applications across science and engineering.
In July 2020, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) became a corporate tenant in the KAUST Research and Technology Park (KRTP). HPE will strengthen the KAUST Core Labs team, providing day-to-day support for the Shaheen II supercomputer, which has supported over 1,000 users and 650 publications. Future collaborations between HPE and KAUST will include projects in genomics, linear algebra, combustion computational fluid dynamics, and density-functional theory codes. Why it matters: This partnership enhances KAUST's research capabilities, aligning with Saudi Vision 2030 to drive scientific, economic, and social advances through high-performance computing.
KAUST's Hydrology and Land Observation (Halo) lab, led by Matthew McCabe, is using drones and satellites to monitor agricultural water usage in Saudi Arabia. They employ thermal cameras, sensors, and imagery from CubeSats to map crop types, health, and water stress. The team uses machine learning and AI to analyze the images, aiming to promote sustainable water management. Why it matters: This research addresses critical water scarcity issues in the region by providing data-driven insights for more efficient agricultural practices.
KAUST Professor Xin Gao formed part of the Rapid Research Response Team (R3T) to address the COVID-19 pandemic. Gao's team developed and deployed an AI system to assist clinicians in improving the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnoses. The lecture outlines how the AI system was built and implemented. Why it matters: This showcases how GCC academic institutions are leveraging AI to address pressing healthcare challenges.
KAUST Professor Hernando Ombao is leading the Biostatistics Group to develop statistical models for projecting hospitalization surges during the COVID-19 pandemic. The group uses techniques like time series analysis and stationary subspace analysis to understand complex biological processes. The models aim to provide public health officials with accurate hospitalization estimates under varying scenarios. Why it matters: This research contributes to preparedness and resource allocation in healthcare systems during public health crises, with potential applications beyond COVID-19.
KAUST Professor David Keyes chaired the International Supercomputing Conference (ISC) 2020, which was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The conference featured a record registration of 4,735 specialists in high-performance computing (HPC). A paper by KAUST Ph.D. students Noha Al-Harthi and Rabab Al-Omairi on computationally simulated acoustic scattering won the 2020 Gauss Award. Why it matters: KAUST's leadership in ISC and the Gauss Award highlight Saudi Arabia's growing contributions to the global HPC community.
KAUST researchers developed Aqua-Fi, a system for underwater wireless communication using lasers and off-the-shelf components. The system uses a Raspberry Pi as a modem to convert Wi-Fi signals to optical signals, enabling bi-directional communication. Using blue and green lasers, they achieved 2.11 megabits per second over 20 meters, compliant with IEEE 802.11 standards. Why it matters: This innovation could significantly improve underwater data transmission, benefiting applications such as environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, and communication with underwater devices.
KAUST Assistant Professor Derya Baran has been selected as a member of the Global Young Academy (GYA), the first member to represent a Saudi Arabian institution. The GYA is an international society for young scientists under 40 focused on science, policy, research environment, and science education. During her five years in the GYA, Baran hopes to contribute to building a National Young Academy in Saudi Arabia and give KAUST and the Saudi educational system greater representation in the scientific world. Why it matters: This appointment enhances the visibility of Saudi research institutions on the global stage and promotes the development of young scientists in the region.
Professor Iain McCulloch from KAUST has won the Royal Society of Chemistry's Interdisciplinary Prize. McCulloch was recognized for his work in designing and applying functional materials in optics, electronics, and energy. His research focuses on creating new organic materials for flexible solar cells and other applications. Why it matters: This award highlights KAUST's increasing role as a hub for innovative materials science research with global impact.
Scimagine is a KAUST-based startup that provides a cloud-based platform for managing and storing experimental data for material scientists. The platform allows researchers to store, manage, and share their data, as well as create scientific visuals. It addresses the problem of experimental data being hidden in PDF files and not easily searchable. Why it matters: This platform improves data accessibility and collaboration in materials science research, potentially accelerating discovery and innovation in the field.
KAUST researchers are developing iSCAN, a rapid, field-deployable COVID-19 test using RT-LAMP coupled with CRISPR-Cas12. The iSCAN system is designed for rapid, specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 and can be deployed by untrained personnel. The researchers are benchmarking iSCAN against commercial kits and seeking emergency use authorization from the Saudi FDA. Why it matters: A rapid, accurate, and field-deployable COVID-19 test could significantly improve pandemic management and control in Saudi Arabia and beyond.