Robotics and autonomous systems research from the Gulf region, including work from MBZUAI, Khalifa University, and TII on robot learning and embodied AI.
KAUST's Prototyping Core Lab, inaugurated in November 2018, offers tools from 3D printers to CNC machines, with expert support for users. The lab has registered over 260 users and delivered 300 training sessions since opening. It supports KAUST programs like hackathons and accelerators, aiding startups such as NOMADD and Sadeem. Why it matters: This lab fosters innovation and entrepreneurship within KAUST and across Saudi Arabia by providing essential prototyping resources and expertise.
KAUST Ph.D. student Abdullah Almansouri won a best poster award at the 2019 Joint MMM-INTERMAG Conference for his work on a super-flexible composite magnet, or "magnetic skin". The research, carried out by the Sensing, Magnetism and Microsystems (SMM) group, developed a stretchable and biocompatible wearable magnet. The device's flexible properties make it comfortable and imperceptible when worn. Why it matters: This research contributes to the growing field of wearable technology and biomedical monitoring, with potential applications in eye-movement tracking and touchless gesture control.
KAUST researchers are collaborating with the Saudi Ministry of Environment, Water & Agriculture (MEWA) to develop sensor technology for early detection of red palm weevils. The weevil larvae cause significant damage to palm trees by hollowing them out from the inside. Early detection is crucial because visible signs of distress indicate advanced infection and low chances of rescue. Why it matters: This research aims to protect date farming and crops, which are a vital economic resource for Saudi Arabia and the broader region.
KAUST's Coastal and Marine Resources (CMR) Core Lab has been accredited by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to ISO/IEC 17025. The accreditation confirms the lab's competence in performing calibrations with global quality standards. KAUST is the first university in the Kingdom and the GCC region to receive such recognition for oceanographic instrument calibration. Why it matters: This certification enhances the reliability of research data and positions KAUST as a leader in marine research infrastructure within the region.
In 2019, the McLaren Group attended KAUST's Winter Enrichment Program to discuss their extreme performance research partnership. McLaren representatives highlighted the importance of the partnership, providing access to KAUST's researchers and facilities while offering real-world applications for technologies. McLaren emphasized the need for continuous improvement in high-speed R&D to maintain a competitive edge. Why it matters: This partnership highlights KAUST's role in providing advanced research capabilities to cutting-edge industries, fostering innovation and practical application of research in demanding environments.
KAUST alumnus Aftab Hussain, now a faculty member at the International Institute of Information Technology in Hyderabad, is working on flexible electronics for wearable devices. His research focuses on overcoming the rigidity of microprocessors and memory circuits by using materials like copper and polyimide. Hussain developed processes for creating stretchable metal spring structures applicable in thermotherapy, with published patents. Why it matters: This work demonstrates KAUST's role in fostering research that addresses key challenges in wearable technology, contributing to advancements in healthcare and micro-robotics.
The Robotics, Intelligent Systems, and Control (RISC) lab at KAUST is developing swarm robotics, enabling robots to work together on collaborative tasks with limited human supervision. RISC is using game theory to improve how robots make coordinated decisions in scenarios like engaging intruders or tracking oil spills. The lab is also researching programmable self-assembly for robot swarms. Why it matters: This research advances autonomous multi-agent systems for critical applications like search and rescue and environmental monitoring in the region.
KAUST Ph.D. student Matthias Müller won the Best Paper/Presentation Award at the 2nd International Workshop on Computer Vision for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for his paper on teaching UAVs to navigate a racecourse autonomously. The paper, "Teaching UAVs to Race: End to End Regression of Agile Controls in Simulation," details research on training a deep neural network to predict UAV controls from raw image data. The research uses imitation learning with data augmentation to allow for correction of navigation mistakes, outperforming state-of-the-art methods. Why it matters: This award recognizes KAUST's contributions to computer vision and autonomous drone navigation, important areas for future applications in logistics, surveillance, and environmental monitoring in the region.
KAUST researchers in the Image and Video Understanding Lab are applying machine learning to computer vision for automated navigation, including self-driving cars and UAVs. They tested their algorithms on KAUST roads, aiming to replicate the brain's efficiency in tasks like activity and object recognition. The team is also exploring the possibility of creative algorithms that can transfer skills without direct training. Why it matters: This research contributes to the advancement of autonomous systems and explores the fundamental questions of replicating human intelligence in machines within the GCC region.
The article discusses Team NimbRo's approaches to challenges involving micro aerial vehicles (MAV) at the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC) 2017. The challenges included landing on a moving vehicle and a treasure hunt task requiring mission planning and multi-robot coordination. The team's system achieved a third place in both subchallenges and contributed to winning the MBZIRC Grand Challenge. Why it matters: This demonstrates advanced robotics capabilities developed and tested in the UAE, pushing the boundaries of autonomous aerial vehicle operation and multi-robot collaboration.
KAUST's Image and Video Understanding Lab is developing machine learning algorithms for computer vision and object tracking, with applications in video content search and UAV navigation. Their algorithms can detect specific activities in videos, helping platforms detect unwanted content and deliver relevant ads. The object tracking algorithm is also used to empower UAVs, enabling them to follow objects autonomously. Why it matters: This research enhances video content analysis and UAV capabilities, positioning KAUST as a leader in computer vision and AI applications within the region.
KAUST's Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC) is dedicated to reducing the energy footprint of desalination, with Saudi Arabia being the largest producer of desalinated water globally. Biofouling, caused by organisms like the bay barnacle, increases the energy required for desalination and affects various sectors, including medical devices and marine vessels. Researchers at WDRC, including Professor Matthew McCabe and Director Johannes Vrouwenvelder, are exploring novel desalination technologies and anti-fouling agents to combat biofouling. Why it matters: Addressing biofouling is crucial for reducing the economic and ecological costs of desalination in water-scarce regions like Saudi Arabia and improving efficiency across multiple industries.
Team NimbRo's robot Mario won the MBZIRC 2017 Challenge 2 by autonomously manipulating a valve stem using a wrench. The robot uses an omnidirectional base for locomotion and a 3D laser scan detector to find the manipulation panel. A deep neural network detects and selects the correct tool from grayscale images, and motion primitives are adapted to turn the valve stem. Why it matters: This work demonstrates advanced robotic manipulation capabilities relevant for industrial automation and hazardous environment operations in the region.
Lockheed Martin and KAUST have signed a Master Research Agreement, Lockheed Martin's first international one. Their initial collaboration will focus on integrating KAUST-developed flexible solar cells on UAVs to enhance operational endurance. The collaboration aims to support applications across sectors and aligns with Saudi Vision 2030. Why it matters: This partnership signifies a major step in advancing technological innovation in Saudi Arabia, particularly in aerospace and renewable energy applications for UAVs.
KAUST and McLaren Racing have signed a five-year R&D agreement focused on extreme performance technology. The partnership will focus on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), machine learning, fuels and lubricants, advanced mathematics and sensors and electronics. The collaboration aims to advance research and offer talent development for KAUST graduate students through research and internships. Why it matters: This partnership highlights KAUST's growing role in international collaborations to advance research and development in key areas like AI and sustainable mobility solutions.
KAUST hosted the KAUST Sensor Initiative, convening experts in sensor development, material science, energy, communications, and data analysis. Live demonstrations showcased working prototypes, including a flexible sensor for monitoring the speed of dolphins developed by KAUST Ph.D. student Altynay Kaidarova. The initiative aims to advance a network of smarter, interactive physical IoT devices with embedded intelligent sensor technologies. Why it matters: This initiative highlights KAUST's role in fostering innovation in sensor technology and IoT, crucial for advancing smart infrastructure and environmental monitoring in the region.
In 2012, Saudi Aramco formed an Intelligent Systems team composed primarily of KAUST graduates to prototype robots for oil and gas operations. The team developed SAIR (Saudi Aramco Inspection Robot) in 18 months, a robot capable of visual and ultrasonic inspection of steel assets and gas sensing. SAIR is wirelessly operated, compact, and detects corrosion in hard-to-reach places. Why it matters: This highlights the critical role of KAUST in supplying talent for advanced technology development in Saudi Arabia, particularly in robotics for the energy sector.
KAUST researchers developed a hybrid wireless communication system for non-invasive monitoring of marine animals, consisting of a lightweight, flexible, Bluetooth-enabled tag that stores sensor data underwater. The tag syncs data to floating receivers when the animal surfaces, which then relays the data via GSM or drones. The system is a collaboration between the Red Sea Research Center and KAUST's electrical engineering department. Why it matters: This technology provides researchers with detailed, near real-time data about marine animals, overcoming the limitations of invasive and impractical traditional tagging methods.
A KAUST team led by Hossein Fariborzi won second place in the MEMS Design Contest for their "MEMS Resonator for Oscillator, Tunable Filter and Re-Programmable Logic Applications." The device is runtime-reprogrammable, allowing the function of each device in the circuit to be changed during operation. The KAUST team demonstrated that two MEMS resonators could replace over 20 transistors in applications like digital adders, reducing digital circuit complexity. Why it matters: This innovation could significantly reduce power consumption, chip area, and manufacturing costs in microprocessors, advancing the development of energy-efficient microcomputers in the region.
KAUST's Visual Computing Center (VCC) hosted an Open House event on March 28, showcasing its interdisciplinary research in visual computing. Demonstrations included a virtual reality driving simulator by FalconViz, intended for driver education in Saudi Arabia. Researchers also presented a drone trained to autonomously navigate race courses and a neural network for autonomous driving using image-based technology without GPS. Why it matters: The VCC's work highlights KAUST's role in advancing visual computing applications relevant to Saudi Arabia, from driver training to autonomous systems.
KAUST and Fugro N.V. have inaugurated the KAUST – Fugro Center of Excellence (CoE) for Marine Technology. Fugro will provide access to advanced technologies for data collection in previously inaccessible sites of the Red Sea. They will also establish an ROV Training Academy (ROVTA) at KAUST to train Saudi students as ROV pilots and engineers. Why it matters: This partnership will enhance KAUST's marine research capabilities, support industrial partners, and advance the development of subsea research technologies in the region.
KAUST Ph.D. student Altynay Kaidarova was elected to IEEE's Next Generation Magneticans Advisory Board in November 2017. She presented her research on underwater animal monitoring magnetic sensor systems at the 62nd Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM 2017). Kaidarova hopes the position will provide her with necessary skills, connections, and self-confidence to contribute to the international magnetism community. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's commitment to fostering emerging talent and its contribution to marine research and environmental conservation through advanced sensor technologies.
KAUST researchers led by Atif Shamim have developed a low-cost, 3D-printed wireless sensor node for real-time environmental monitoring. The disposable sensor nodes can detect noxious gases, temperature, and humidity, and have been tested in the lab and field, surviving drops and temperatures up to 70°C. The system aims to saturate high-risk areas with these sensors, linked wirelessly to fixed nodes that raise alarms. Why it matters: This innovation provides a cost-effective solution for large-scale environmental monitoring, addressing the limitations of expensive fixed sensors and satellite monitoring, and potentially revolutionizing early warning systems for wildfires and gas leaks in the region.
This paper introduces a decentralized multi-agent decision-making framework for search and action problems under time constraints, treating time as a budgeted resource where actions have costs and rewards. The approach uses probabilistic reasoning to optimize decisions, maximizing reward within the given time. Evaluated in a simulated search, pick, and place scenario inspired by the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC), the algorithm outperformed benchmark strategies. Why it matters: The framework's validation in a Gazebo environment signals potential for real-world robotic applications, particularly in time-sensitive and cooperative tasks within the robotics domain in the UAE.
The Maker Space self-directed group at KAUST promotes DIY culture and provides training on using machines, tools, and materials. In March 2017, Maker Space launched the "Design for KAUST" workshop in collaboration with the University’s Residential Maintenance Department. The winning teams in the workshop received sponsorship, including a total of SAR 10,000 in prizes, a Local Impact Award and an opportunity to test the prototypes in the field. Why it matters: This initiative fosters innovation and problem-solving within the KAUST community, addressing practical challenges in daily life through technology and promoting local impact.
Stanford's Robotics Laboratory, in collaboration with KAUST professors Khaled Nabil Salama and Christian Voolstra and MEKA Robotics, developed OceanOne, a bimanual underwater humanoid robot avatar with haptic feedback. OceanOne allows human pilots to explore ocean depths with high fidelity by relaying instantaneous images. The robot has two fully articulated arms and a tail section with batteries, computers, and thrusters. Why it matters: This collaboration between KAUST and Stanford highlights the increasing role of robotics and AI in deep-sea exploration, with potential applications in underwater research and resource discovery in the Red Sea and beyond.
Researchers present RUR53, an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) capable of autonomous navigation, object recognition, and tool manipulation. The UGV uses a modular software architecture, enabling it to perform complex tasks like detecting panels, docking, and manipulating tools such as wrenches and valve stems. RUR53 was tested at the 2017 Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge where it ranked third in the Grand Challenge as part of a collaboration. Why it matters: This research demonstrates advanced robotics capabilities applicable to various industrial and inspection tasks, highlighting the UAE's focus on robotics innovation.
Lockheed Martin and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) signed a memorandum of understanding on November 15. The agreement was signed by Lockheed Martin Chairman, President and CEO Marillyn Hewson and KAUST Interim President Nadhmi Al-Nasr. Why it matters: This partnership could foster collaboration on advanced technology research and development in Saudi Arabia.
The paper details the hardware and software systems of ETH Zurich's Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) used in the 2017 Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC). The team integrated computer vision, sensor fusion, and control to develop autonomous outdoor platforms. They achieved second place in Challenge 3 and the Grand Challenge, demonstrating autonomous landing in under a minute and a 90%+ visual servoing success rate for object pickups. Why it matters: The work highlights the advanced state of robotics research and development showcased at the MBZIRC, contributing to the growth of autonomous systems in the region.
KAUST Ph.D. students Amal Hajjaj and Sherif Tella won best paper awards at the American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. Tella's paper was on electrothermally actuated microbeams, while Hajjaj's paper focused on the behavior of MEMS resonators. The students are supervised by KAUST Associate Professor Mohammad Younis. Why it matters: The awards recognize significant research contributions in micro- and nanosystems and highlight KAUST's strength in fostering impactful engineering research.
This paper presents a decentralized multi-agent unmanned aerial system designed for search, pickup, and relocation of objects. The system integrates multi-agent aerial exploration, object detection/tracking, and aerial gripping. The decentralized system uses global state estimation, reactive collision avoidance, and sweep planning for exploration. Why it matters: The system's successful deployment in demonstrations and competitions like MBZIRC highlights the potential of integrated robotic solutions for complex tasks such as search and rescue in the region.
A smart bandage developed by KAUST's Associate Professor Atif Shamim and Ph.D. student Mohammed Farooqui won the IEEE MECAP’16 Best Paper Award. The smart bandage is a medical device that wirelessly communicates wound parameters and abnormalities to healthcare providers. It monitors the wound's recovery process. Why it matters: This recognition highlights the innovative research and development in healthcare technology emerging from Saudi Arabia.
A smart bandage developed at KAUST aims to accelerate the healing of chronic wounds. The bandage contains sensors and drug-delivery components for real-time monitoring and treatment. Why it matters: This technology could improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs associated with chronic wound management in Saudi Arabia and beyond.
KAUST Professor Jeff Shamma has been elected as a fellow of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC). IFAC is a multinational federation dedicated to the advancement of control engineering. Shamma is a professor of electrical and computer engineering at KAUST. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's contributions to the field of control engineering and the university's growing international reputation.
A team of KAUST graduates at the Saudi Aramco Intelligent Systems Team designed and built a robotic crawler for visual and ultrasonic inspection of Aramco’s steel assets. The crawler, developed from 2012-2014, can wirelessly inspect curved surfaces for corrosion in hard-to-reach locations. The team won the Industry Glory Medal from the International Federation of Inventors Association in 2013 for this industry-first achievement. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's role in producing talent that contributes directly to Saudi Aramco's technological advancements in critical infrastructure inspection.
KAUST students participated in a "Design and Build Your Own Robot" workshop as part of the University's 2016 Winter Enrichment Program (WEP). Students were divided into teams to design, fabricate, and test robotic systems, covering mechanical design, electronics development, and embedded programming. The seven robots developed were then showcased in a competitive race during the annual WEP Science Fair. Why it matters: This hands-on experience in robotics provides students with practical skills and fosters interest in STEM fields, contributing to the development of a skilled workforce in Saudi Arabia.
KAUST researchers are using autonomous gliders in the Red Sea to monitor variables such as temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll, providing continuous, detailed measurements of the sea's physical and biogeochemical processes. These gliders can measure a number of variables, including temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, and concentration of dissolved organic matter. One glider was deployed for three months and monitored the formation of mesoscale eddies and anthropogenic inputs from aquaculture. Why it matters: This technology allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the Red Sea ecosystem and its dynamics, benefiting research and applications such as monitoring the impact of aquaculture, with potential implications for environmental management and sustainable resource utilization.
KAUST's Visual Computing Center (VCC) is researching computer vision, image processing, and machine learning, with applications in self-driving cars, surveillance, and security. Professor Bernard Ghanem is working on teaching machines to understand visual data semantically, similar to how humans perceive the world. Self-driving cars use visual sensors to interpret traffic signals and detect obstacles, while computer vision also assists governments and corporations with security applications like facial recognition and detecting unattended luggage. Why it matters: Advancements in computer vision at KAUST can contribute to innovations in autonomous vehicles and enhance security measures in the region.
KAUST's Peter Wonka discusses the challenges and advancements in creating data-rich, three-dimensional maps for various applications. His team is working with Boeing on 3D modeling tools for aerospace design. KAUST-funded FalconViz uses UAV drones to create 3D maps of disaster areas for first responders. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's contribution to cutting-edge 3D modeling and its practical applications in industries like aerospace and disaster response in the region.
KAUST Ph.D. candidate Ahmed Alfadhel won the IEEE best research paper award for his work on artificial skin. The artificial skin design uses a flexible magnetic nano-composite cilia surface with a magnetic field sensing element. The device exhibits unprecedented flexibility due to the embedding of magnetic cilia and the sensing element in a polymeric surface. Why it matters: This research enables the development of cheaper, more versatile tactile sensors for health monitoring, robotics, and prosthetics, potentially advancing personalized healthcare and human-machine interfaces in the region.
KAUST, Stanford University, and Meka Robotics are collaborating on a new underwater robotic platform called the Red Sea Robotics Exploratorium. The project aims to create a robotic avatar diver that can explore deep-sea coral reefs with greater dexterity than existing underwater vehicles. The robot will address the limitations of current ROVs, which are large and difficult to operate in confined spaces. Why it matters: This technology could significantly advance marine research in the Red Sea and other challenging underwater environments, enabling more detailed exploration and sample collection of unique deep-sea ecosystems.
A KAUST team led by Prof. Hussain published a paper in ACS Nano detailing their use of industry-compatible processes to create a flexible transistor with a bending radius of 0.5 mm. The transistor is constructed from a monocrystalline silicon-based substrate and uses a process that does not degrade device performance. The team's approach uses a network of trenches/holes and a back-etch process to create flexible electronics without compromising cost, yield, performance, and efficiency. Why it matters: This research paves the way for high-performance, portable electronics using silicon, a material already widely used in the electronics industry.
KACST and KAUST are collaborating on two research projects using KACST's Saker 4 drone. The first project prototypes a UAV-based flash flood monitoring system using disposable microsensors. The second augments UAV navigation with vision to improve takeoff and landing via a new runway detection algorithm. Why it matters: This collaboration showcases the growing sophistication of Saudi Arabia's indigenous drone capabilities for environmental monitoring and advanced navigation research.
KAUST Discovery Associate Professor Stefan Arold has established KAUST's first structural biology lab specializing in determining the atomic 3D structure of proteins and other biological macromolecules. The lab setup involved challenges such as assembling instruments and continuing research, but the Bioscience Core Lab at KAUST and support from colleagues aided in the process. Arold's research focuses on understanding protein function through an integrated 'hybrid' approach to analyze 3D structure and function of proteins. Why it matters: This new lab enhances KAUST's capabilities in molecular biophysics and structural biology, enabling advanced research into the functions of proteins and their implications for health and disease.
KAUST researchers are developing low-cost, mobile wireless sensors for smart city applications, focusing on flood monitoring. These sensors are designed to be deployed by UAVs and float in water, transmitting data to map flood extent. The system uses "Lagrangian sensing" to gather information from remote locations with minimal infrastructure. Why it matters: This technology offers a cost-effective solution for environmental monitoring and disaster management, particularly relevant for flood-prone areas in Saudi Arabia.
NOMADD, a KAUST startup, offers a waterless and remotely operated system to clean solar panels, addressing the challenge of dust accumulation which can reduce solar panel efficiency by 0.4-0.8% daily. KAUST recently signed its first royalty-bearing license agreement for the NOMADD system. The fifth version of the NOMADD system is 70% lighter and uses less than half the power of previous versions, while also being cheaper to manufacture. Why it matters: This technology is crucial for Saudi Arabia to achieve its ambitious goal of generating a third of its electricity from solar power by 2032, amidst the challenges posed by desert dust.
KAUST researchers have developed a dual-use wireless sensor system that monitors both traffic congestion and flood incidents in cities. The system combines ultrasonic range finders and infrared thermal sensors to provide real-time, accurate data on traffic flow and roadway flooding. Data is sent to central servers and assimilated with satellite data to form real-time maps and forecasts. Why it matters: This technology can provide up-to-the-minute warnings for flash floods and traffic, enabling rapid emergency response and potentially saving lives in urban environments.
KAUST researchers used 3D mapping technology via remote control helicopter to survey and create detailed renderings of Jeddah's Al Balad, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The team, from KAUST's Visual Computer Center and FalconViz, captured high-definition images from about 50 meters above street level. This enabled the creation of accurate 3D models, showing building shifts and potential problems for urban planners. Why it matters: This method provides a rapid and accurate way to document and preserve historical landmarks, especially in areas where traditional surveying is difficult or infeasible, aiding in cultural heritage preservation efforts.
Khalid Al-Falih, then Saudi Aramco President and CEO, gave a keynote at KAUST's Winter Enrichment Program. He highlighted KAUST and Saudi Aramco's roles in science, technology, and innovation for the Kingdom's benefit. Al-Falih noted Saudi Aramco employs over 100 KAUST alumni and partners with the university on R&D, citing a team of KAUST graduates developing a pipeline inspection robot. Why it matters: The speech underscores the strategic importance of KAUST in Saudi Arabia's vision for a knowledge-based economy and its close ties with the Kingdom's leading industry player.
Professor Mohammad Younis, a new Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at KAUST, focuses his research on micro and nanotechnology, specifically the interface between nonlinear dynamics and micro/nano electromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS). He is developing a generic platform for sensing and actuation with potential uses in detecting poisonous gases, biohazards, and earthquake signals. He is also working on actuator systems that can assist elderly people after a fall by automatically calling for help. Why it matters: This research has significant implications for safety, environmental monitoring, and elderly care in the Middle East and beyond.