General AI research publications from MBZUAI, KAUST, TII, QCRI, and other GCC institutions, including conference papers, journal articles, and preprints.
KAUST hosted the "Human-Machine Networks and Intelligent Infrastructures" conference, co-organized by Prof. Jeff Shamma and Asst. Prof. Meriem Laleg. The conference explored the blend of engineered devices and human elements in large-scale systems like smart grids. Keynote speaker Dr. Pramod Khargonekar discussed cyber-physical-social systems and emerging trends. Why it matters: The conference highlights the growing importance of understanding the interplay between AI, infrastructure, and human behavior in the development of smart cities and intelligent systems in the region.
Dow Chemical Company signed an agreement with KAUST to expand its facilities at the KAUST Research & Technology Park by constructing a new 13,500 sqm Dow Middle East Research and Development (R&D) Center. Construction, led by KAUST and designed to meet LEED silver certification, was set to begin by the end of 2015 and accommodate up to 75 Dow R&D employees. The facility will house advanced labs for water treatment research and expand capabilities in oil and gas, construction, and coatings. Why it matters: This expansion underscores the commitment to regional innovation and developing science-based solutions for challenges related to water, energy, and infrastructure in the Middle East.
KAUST will host the "U.S. National Academy of Sciences – KAUST Frontiers of Sensor Science Symposium" in December, focusing on sensor technologies. The symposium, in collaboration with the U.S.-based National Academy of Sciences (NAS), will cover agriculture, biomedical applications, environment (smart cities), and materials science. Carlo Ratti, Director of MIT’s SENSEable City Lab, will deliver the keynote address. Why it matters: The event highlights KAUST's strategic focus on sensor technology and its role in fostering international collaboration in cutting-edge research areas relevant to regional development.
KAUST's Entrepreneurship Center was named a High Impact Program at the UBI Global Benchmarking Conference held in Saudi Arabia. The award recognizes university-affiliated incubators with a high impact on their ecosystem. The KAUST center is nominated for a summit in Sweden as one of the top 100 university business incubators. Why it matters: The recognition highlights KAUST's role in fostering entrepreneurship and innovation in the Saudi ecosystem, contributing to economic development and attracting investment.
KAUST is hosting the Marine Megafauna Movement Workshop (October 19-20) featuring international speakers showcasing research on marine animal behavior using sensors and analytics. Enrichment in the Fall 2015 (October 16-24) at KAUST will focus on marine animal movement with lectures, trips, movies, and music. KAUST aims to merge research on marine animal movement with the study of human mobility to gain new insights. Why it matters: This interdisciplinary approach could advance understanding of both marine ecosystems and human behavior, while promoting marine conservation efforts in the Red Sea.
KAUST Professor Pierre Magistretti received the 2016 Fondation IPSEN Neuronal Plasticity prize for his work in neuroenergetics. The award recognizes Magistretti's contributions to understanding the relationship between neuronal activity and brain energy consumption. He shares the award with Dr. David Attwell and Dr. Marcus Raichle, and will be honored at FENS in Copenhagen. Why it matters: This award highlights KAUST's contribution to international neuroscience research and strengthens its reputation in biological and environmental science.
J. Carlos Santamarina, a Professor of Earth Science and Engineering at KAUST, is researching geomaterial behavior and subsurface processes. His work focuses on energy geo-engineering, resource recovery, and geological storage of energy waste. He uses particle-level experiments, numerical methods, and monitoring systems to understand coupled thermo-hydro-bio-chemo-mechanically processes. Why it matters: This research contributes to energy sustainability and addresses global energy challenges through advanced geotechnology.
KAUST Professor Hussain was awarded the Outstanding Young Texas Ex Award (OYTEX) by the University of Texas (UT). Hussain studied at UT from 2003-2005 and later founded KAUST's Integrated Nanotechnology Laboratory in 2009. His work includes 15 patents, 18 research awards, and recognition from Intel and Samsung. Why it matters: The award recognizes the impact of KAUST faculty and their contributions to nanotechnology research, highlighting KAUST's growing prominence in the field.
Three KAUST students, Mohammed Zidan, Joanna Nasser, and Stephanie Saade, were selected to attend the 65th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting in Germany. The meeting will host 65 Nobel Laureates and 650 young researchers in physiology, medicine, physics, and chemistry. The students look forward to the transfer of knowledge and networking opportunities with leading scientists. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's commitment to fostering young scientific talent and providing opportunities for them to engage with the global scientific community.
KAUST researchers are using autonomous gliders in the Red Sea to monitor variables such as temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll, providing continuous, detailed measurements of the sea's physical and biogeochemical processes. These gliders can measure a number of variables, including temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, and concentration of dissolved organic matter. One glider was deployed for three months and monitored the formation of mesoscale eddies and anthropogenic inputs from aquaculture. Why it matters: This technology allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the Red Sea ecosystem and its dynamics, benefiting research and applications such as monitoring the impact of aquaculture, with potential implications for environmental management and sustainable resource utilization.
The KAUST Innovation Fund will provide venture capital investments in technology-based startups, ranging from seed funding (less than $200,000) to early-stage (up to $2 million). KAUST aims to become a shareholder in the startups it funds and act as a long-term strategic partner. Applications for seed funding can be submitted at any time, and the Fund is seeking startups with a large potential market, a superior product/technology, and a strong team. Why it matters: This initiative should accelerate the growth of technology startups in Saudi Arabia and attract international investment to the Kingdom's innovation ecosystem.
KAUST has inaugurated the Computational Bioscience Research Center. The inauguration included a two-day symposium. Why it matters: This new center will likely boost computational biology research and applications in the region.
KAUST's Visual Computing Center (VCC) is researching computer vision, image processing, and machine learning, with applications in self-driving cars, surveillance, and security. Professor Bernard Ghanem is working on teaching machines to understand visual data semantically, similar to how humans perceive the world. Self-driving cars use visual sensors to interpret traffic signals and detect obstacles, while computer vision also assists governments and corporations with security applications like facial recognition and detecting unattended luggage. Why it matters: Advancements in computer vision at KAUST can contribute to innovations in autonomous vehicles and enhance security measures in the region.
KAUST's Office of Sponsored Research (OSR), created in March 2015, supports KAUST's research from the development of project ideas to evaluating research outcomes. OSR ensures KAUST's knowledge ecosystem is world-class and research is integrated with education and economic development. OSR recently held an international Sensor Innovation Workshop to catalyze strategic research collaborations. Why it matters: OSR's unique position enables KAUST to control its research destiny and strategically impact research funding portfolios in alignment with the university's missions.
Professor Enrico Traversa from KAUST has been selected to feature in the inaugural Electrochemical Society's (ECS) Trading Card Series, to be introduced at the 227th ECS Meeting in Chicago. Traversa, a Principal Investigator at KAUST's Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage Lab, is recognized for his contributions to electrochemical and solid-state science. The trading cards will include a biography and statistics on patents, research papers, and ECS awards. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's contributions to the field of electrochemical science and acknowledges the impact of its researchers on a global scale.
KAUST's Peter Wonka discusses the challenges and advancements in creating data-rich, three-dimensional maps for various applications. His team is working with Boeing on 3D modeling tools for aerospace design. KAUST-funded FalconViz uses UAV drones to create 3D maps of disaster areas for first responders. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's contribution to cutting-edge 3D modeling and its practical applications in industries like aerospace and disaster response in the region.
KAUST Professor Nikos Hadjichristidis received the ACS Award in Polymer Chemistry at the 249th American Chemical Society National Meeting & Exposition. The award, sponsored by ExxonMobil Chemical Company, is the highest honor in polymer science. Hadjichristidis's research focuses on synthesizing polymeric materials with complex macromolecular architectures and collaborating with SABIC on polyethylene-based polymeric materials. Why it matters: This award recognizes KAUST's contributions to advanced materials research and highlights the importance of polymer science for industrial applications within Saudi Arabia, particularly in collaboration with companies like SABIC and ExxonMobil.
KAUST Ph.D. candidate Ahmed Alfadhel won the IEEE best research paper award for his work on artificial skin. The artificial skin design uses a flexible magnetic nano-composite cilia surface with a magnetic field sensing element. The device exhibits unprecedented flexibility due to the embedding of magnetic cilia and the sensing element in a polymeric surface. Why it matters: This research enables the development of cheaper, more versatile tactile sensors for health monitoring, robotics, and prosthetics, potentially advancing personalized healthcare and human-machine interfaces in the region.
KAUST acquired the Shaheen-Cray XC40 supercomputer in 2015, which is 25 times faster than its predecessor, Shaheen I. The system arrived in Jeddah from Chicago in 123 crates and weighs around 109 metric tons. It consists of approximately 6,100 nodes, with each node containing 32 cores. Why it matters: This infrastructure upgrade significantly enhances KAUST's capacity for data-intensive scientific tasks like simulations and modeling, crucial for advancing research in areas such as climate and renewable energy.
KAUST hosted the Second International Spin-Orbit Torque Workshop, gathering spintronics scientists to discuss advancements in controlling magnetism in nanodevices. The workshop featured talks by pioneers in the field and discussions on new results, including the electrical manipulation of an antiferromagnet and the observation of room-temperature skyrmions. The workshop's format encouraged interactions and identified new research directions. Why it matters: This event highlights KAUST's role in fostering international collaboration and driving innovation in advanced materials and nanotechnology, crucial for next-generation memory and data storage solutions.
KAUST held its first Enrichment in the Spring (SEP) program from March 20–28, focusing on the human brain and mind, coinciding with Brain Awareness Week. The program featured lectures from neuroscientists like Professor Alim-Louis Benabid, and presentations by KAUST's Ali Awami and Corrado Cali on visualization technology for studying the brain. KAUST researchers are collaborating with the Human Brain Project and Harvard University to develop comprehensive brain models and visualize connectome data. Why it matters: This initiative highlights KAUST's commitment to advancing neuroscience research and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations to understand the complexities of the human brain.
KAUST has launched Hikma, a new accelerator program to develop intellectual property-based startups, involving 16 teams from KAUST and regional universities. The 6-month program is run by the KAUST Entrepreneurship Center with assistance from the KAUST Technology Transfer Office. Hikma aims to provide a structured development process for startups focused on intellectual property and assist in creating homegrown businesses from university technologies. Why it matters: This initiative signals KAUST's commitment to supporting economic development in Saudi Arabia by fostering knowledge-based startups and maximizing the impact of university research.
KAUST held the Imaging and Active Tectonics of the Red Sea Region workshop, gathering over 20 international and 30 local researchers. The workshop aimed to improve understanding of seismicity, volcanism, and Earth structure in Saudi Arabia and the Red Sea region. Participants came from countries surrounding the Red Sea, as well as the US, UK, France, Brazil, and South Korea. Why it matters: The event fosters international collaboration and data exchange to better monitor and model seismic and volcanic activity in a geologically active region.
KAUST's Supercomputing Laboratory and NVIDIA co-hosted the "Accelerating Scientific Applications Using GPUs" workshop, attended by 120 participants. The event included technical sessions, guest lectures from KAUST faculty and NVIDIA, and presentations on KAUST applications developed on NVIDIA GPUs. KAUST also held its first hackathon, where teams ported scientific applications to GPU accelerators with guidance from KAUST and NVIDIA mentors. Why it matters: This collaboration strengthens KAUST's position as a hub for high-performance computing and GPU-accelerated research in the region, fostering talent development and collaboration with industry partners.
KAUST's Clean Combustion Research Center (CCRC) is expanding its Cloudflame database, a platform providing computational tools and scientific data for combustion research. Cloudflame offers features like flame speed calculations, ignition delay simulation, and a Fuel Design Tool to formulate fuel mixtures. The platform allows researchers to compare findings, perform computations remotely, and receive results via email. Why it matters: Cloudflame fosters global collaborations and accelerates advancements in clean combustion technologies, crucial for energy saving and environmental conservation in the region and worldwide.
KAUST researchers from statistics and earth science collaborated to improve earthquake source modeling. They developed a statistical ranking tool to classify 2D fields, applicable to geoscience models like temperature or precipitation. The tool helps compare different 2D fields describing the earthquake source process and quantify inter-event variability. Why it matters: This cross-disciplinary approach enhances the reliability of earthquake rupture models, contributing to better hazard assessment and risk management in seismically active regions.
KAUST, Stanford University, and Meka Robotics are collaborating on a new underwater robotic platform called the Red Sea Robotics Exploratorium. The project aims to create a robotic avatar diver that can explore deep-sea coral reefs with greater dexterity than existing underwater vehicles. The robot will address the limitations of current ROVs, which are large and difficult to operate in confined spaces. Why it matters: This technology could significantly advance marine research in the Red Sea and other challenging underwater environments, enabling more detailed exploration and sample collection of unique deep-sea ecosystems.
Jean-Luc Bredas, Director of KAUST's Solar and Photovoltaics Engineering Research Center (SPERC), recounts his academic journey from Belgium to the U.S. and then to Saudi Arabia. He highlights his prior involvement with KAUST through a research collaboration starting in 2008 and a visiting professorship at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in 2011. Bredas was drawn to KAUST due to its flexible system and resources for faculty research. Why it matters: This showcases KAUST's ability to attract established international researchers to contribute to its research ecosystem, particularly in renewable energy.
The Saudi Research Science Institute (SRSI) is preparing for its fifth annual summer program at KAUST, offering Saudi high school students university-level research experience under faculty mentorship. The program aims to introduce students to STEM fields and inspire them to pursue related education and careers. Lamees Alshaikh, a 2014 participant, conducted research on algae hormone biosynthesis, and Prof. Al Babili noted SRSI's role in recruiting top students to KAUST. Why it matters: This program cultivates domestic talent in STEM, directly contributing to Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 goals for a diversified, knowledge-based economy.
The KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) hosted a research conference on Catalytic Carbon and Hydrogen Management from February 1-4, featuring world leaders in catalysis research. Experts discussed advances in catalysis related to future energy needs and environmental protection. Attendees included Nobel laureate Dr. Robert Grubbs and researchers from top universities worldwide. Why it matters: The conference fostered collaboration and networking among KAUST researchers and international experts in a field critical for addressing energy and environmental challenges.
A KAUST student blog post discusses optical wireless communications (OWC) as a solution to radio frequency exhaustion. OWC uses optical frequencies to carry electrical signals, offering advantages like high data rates and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Free-space optical (FSO) communication, a type of OWC, is applicable for inter-building connections and has seen use cases such as broadcasting during the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Why it matters: OWC research and deployment in the region can support high-bandwidth applications and provide cost-effective connectivity solutions, especially in challenging environments or disaster scenarios.
A group of KAUST students visited the National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) in Taif as part of the University's 2015 Winter Enrichment Program. The NWRC, established in 1986, focuses on preserving and reintroducing species like the houbara bustard, Arabian oryx, red-necked ostrich, and Arabian leopard. Researchers at the center track released bustards via radio transmitters, collaborating internationally to preserve their habitats. Why it matters: This highlights Saudi Arabia's commitment to wildlife conservation and international collaboration in ecological research, showcasing KAUST's engagement with regional environmental initiatives.
Lubna Olayan, CEO of Olayan Financing Company, gave a keynote at KAUST's 2015 Winter Enrichment Program discussing how businesses and academic institutions can promote excellence. She emphasized that centers of excellence are catalysts for innovation and job creation, sharing characteristics like a multidisciplinary approach and meritocracies. Olayan highlighted Saudi Aramco and KAUST as examples, noting the successes of Stanford and MIT. Why it matters: This underscores the strategic importance of fostering centers of excellence like KAUST for driving economic growth and innovation in Saudi Arabia.
Michael Holland from NYU's Center for Urban Science & Progress (CUSP) presented a keynote lecture at KAUST's Winter Enrichment Program (WEP) 2015 on the importance of urban science. CUSP, launched in 2012, aims to make New York City a world capital of science and technology through multi-sector research and education. Holland emphasized how analyzing urban data can improve city government, planning, policy, and citizen engagement. Why it matters: As urbanization increases, the development of urban science and the effective use of urban data become crucial for sustainable and efficient city management in the GCC region and globally.
KAUST's Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory (FuNL), led by Prof. Osman Bakr, focuses on synthesizing nanomaterials with novel optical, electronic, and magnetic properties for solar cells and other devices. The lab's research centers on controlling the size and composition of nanoparticles to optimize light absorption across different wavelengths. Unlike silicon-based solar cells, nanoparticle-based solar cells can be processed at low temperatures and potentially integrated with roll-to-roll printing. Why it matters: This research could lead to more efficient and versatile solar energy solutions, including printable photovoltaic thin films for buildings and flexible electronics.
SABIC recognized 15 KAUST postdoctoral fellows for research excellence at the fourth SABIC Postdoctoral Fellowship Awards. The awards highlight SABIC’s commitment to KAUST’s research efforts in areas like nanomaterials, polymer synthesis, catalysis, and computational modeling. SABIC plans increased collaboration with KAUST to develop technologies that drive competitiveness and yield societal benefits. Why it matters: The ongoing SABIC-KAUST partnership exemplifies industry-academia collaboration in Saudi Arabia, fostering innovation in materials science and related fields critical to the Kingdom's development.
KAUST Associate Professor Liming Xiong is researching how plants adapt to drought conditions, focusing on reducing water consumption, increasing water uptake, and surviving under stress. His "whole plant" approach aims to identify major genes controlling water uptake, water loss, and cellular detoxification. The research seeks to develop plants that use water more efficiently or can be irrigated with brackish water, important for agriculture in Saudi Arabia. Why it matters: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant drought tolerance can help in breeding stress-tolerant crops suitable for the arid conditions in the region.
KAUST researchers, in collaboration with Nanyang Technological University, have discovered a unique chiral structure in gold nanowires. The nanowires exhibit a Boerdijk-Coxeter-Bernal (BCB) helix structure, achieved through a seed-mediated substrate growth method, reaching a minimum diameter of 3 nanometers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) at KAUST was crucial in revealing the structure. Why it matters: This breakthrough in chiral metallic nanowire production could lead to advancements in chemical separation, sensing, and catalysis due to the unique properties of chiral crystals.
Dr. Laila Nehme, a French archaeologist from CNRS, visited KAUST as part of the Winter Enrichment Program (WEP) to discuss her work on Mada’in Saleh, also known as Al-Hijr or Hegra. Nehme co-directs the Saudi-French Archaeological Project and specializes in Nabatean epigraphy, studying the daily life of the ancient Nabateans through unearthed remains. Her team, working with the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities, is beginning its third four-year program to study the site. Why it matters: The research sheds light on the historical significance of Mada’in Saleh, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the Nabatean civilization's southernmost settlement, enhancing our understanding of the region's rich cultural heritage.
A KAUST project on "Hybrid Multi-Effect Adsorption Desalination" won the Global Technology Challenge at the Saudi Water & Power Forum. The competition, launched by Aramco Entrepreneurship and GE ecomagination, focused on seawater desalination using renewable energy. KAUST's Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) is partnering with the National University of Singapore (NUS) to bring this technology to Saudi Arabia. Why it matters: This award highlights innovation in desalination, a critical area for Saudi Arabia given its high salinity seawater and need for sustainable water solutions.
KAUST reflected on its research achievements during its fifth anniversary year, highlighting the inaugurations of the Clean Combustion Research Center (CCRC) and the Solar & Photovoltaics Engineering Research Center. KAUST also signed a memorandum of understanding with the Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW) to develop thin-film photovoltaic technology. Several new directors were appointed for KAUST research centers, including the Extreme Computing Research Center (ECRC). Why it matters: These strategic investments in research centers and partnerships underscore KAUST's commitment to advancing scientific discovery and technological innovation in Saudi Arabia, particularly in areas like clean energy, agriculture, and computing.
KAUST hosted the Electron Microscopy Frontiers conference from December 9-11, marking five years of electron microscopy activities at the university. The symposium featured over 20 speakers from international universities and research institutions. It aimed to foster scientific collaborations and showcase KAUST's growing role as a leading electron microscopy laboratory in the Middle East. Why it matters: The conference signals KAUST's ambition to become a hub for advanced microscopy research and collaboration in the region, potentially driving innovation in materials science and bioscience.
The Dow SISCA awards at KAUST recognized two Ph.D. students for their sustainability-focused research. Anas Abu-Taha won first place and $10,000 for his work on nanoscale thermoelectrics for waste heat energy harvesting. David Conchouso Gonzales was the runner-up, receiving $2,500 for his poster on sustainable production of controllable emulsions using microfluidic droplet generators. Why it matters: The awards highlight KAUST's dedication to sustainability research and its ongoing partnership with Dow Chemical in fostering innovative solutions.
KAUST researchers analyzed the genome of strain RS24, a bacterium isolated from the Red Sea. The bacterium, named Candidatus Micropelagos thuwalensis RS24, belongs to the PS1 clade within Alphaproteobacteria. Genome sequencing revealed that RS24 and IMCC14465, while similar, are distinct species of the PS1 clade, containing genomic islands. Why it matters: This study advances understanding of microbial adaptation to extreme marine environments like the Red Sea, providing insights into the structure-function relationships within microbial communities.
Prof. Marc Genton of KAUST has been appointed Editor-in-Chief of Stat, the ISI online journal for rapid dissemination of statistics research. His term will run from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2017. Genton aims to maintain the journal's rapid publication speed and improve the quality of accepted papers. Why it matters: This appointment highlights KAUST's growing influence and expertise in statistical research on the international stage.
A team from KAUST's Earth Science and Engineering program visited the site of the ongoing volcanic eruption in Iceland, which began in August 2014. Researchers monitored ground movements related to a collapsing structure near the eruption site using GPS instruments to measure vertical ground displacements. They aim to compare these measurements with satellite radar data to quantify volume changes before, during, and after the eruption. Why it matters: This study exemplifies the application of KAUST's earth science expertise to understanding and monitoring significant geological events, contributing to hazard assessment and risk management in volcanically active regions.
KAUST adopted an Open Access policy to make scholarly articles by its researchers publicly available. Planning for the policy began in 2012, with the final version implemented on June 30th after multiple committee meetings. KAUST representatives presented their efforts at the Sharjah International Book Fair, leading to increased interest from other regional universities. Why it matters: This policy promotes wider dissemination of KAUST's research, potentially boosting its visibility and impact in the region.
KAUST, in collaboration with Saudi Aramco, hosted an Upstream Petroleum Symposium on November 13-14, gathering over 30 upstream specialists from academia and industry. The symposium focused on developments in fluid flow and recovery in hydrocarbon systems. Saudi Aramco's SVP highlighted the importance of upstream research advances to their vision of becoming a global integrated energy and chemicals company. Why it matters: This event strengthens ties between KAUST and Saudi Aramco, fostering collaborative research and innovation in the critical upstream petroleum sector for Saudi Arabia's energy future.
KAUST Professor Wolfgang Heidrich received the Humboldt Research Award for his work in computational photography and displays. The award includes €60,000 and a research stay in Germany, hosted by the Max-Planck Institute for Informatics and the Cluster of Excellence on "Multimodal Computing and Interaction" at Saarland University. Heidrich plans to spend six months in Germany over the next three years, networking with faculty and collaborating on research projects. Why it matters: This award highlights KAUST's growing prominence in computer science and fosters international collaboration in cutting-edge areas like computational photography.
A KAUST team led by Prof. Hussain published a paper in ACS Nano detailing their use of industry-compatible processes to create a flexible transistor with a bending radius of 0.5 mm. The transistor is constructed from a monocrystalline silicon-based substrate and uses a process that does not degrade device performance. The team's approach uses a network of trenches/holes and a back-etch process to create flexible electronics without compromising cost, yield, performance, and efficiency. Why it matters: This research paves the way for high-performance, portable electronics using silicon, a material already widely used in the electronics industry.