General AI research publications from MBZUAI, KAUST, TII, QCRI, and other GCC institutions, including conference papers, journal articles, and preprints.
KAUST Ph.D. student Hanan Mohammed and postdoctoral fellow Yizhou Zhang presented their research at the Falling Walls Conference in Berlin. Zhang presented a novel MXene-hydrogel composite with biosensing applications, while Mohammed discussed 3D data storage architectures to reduce data center energy consumption. They were selected after winning the KAUST Falling Walls Lab in September. Why it matters: Showcasing KAUST researchers' work on an international stage highlights the university's contributions to materials science and sustainable computing.
KAUST and KACST have partnered to assess the safety of seafood from the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf, with KACST funding an environmental contaminants lab at KAUST. Researchers from KAUST's Coastal & Marine Resources Core Lab (CMR) collect samples, which are then analyzed by the Analytical Chemistry Core Lab (ACL). The project aims to determine the exposure status of the Saudi population to environmental contaminants and provide recommendations on safe seafood consumption. Why it matters: Ensuring the safety of consumable fishery products is crucial for public health and food security in Saudi Arabia.
Professor Catherine McFadden of Harvey Mudd College discussed coral reef biodiversity at KAUST, noting that only about 10% of coral reef species have been described. Her research indicates that many Red Sea coral species are unique and not closely related to Indo-Pacific species as previously thought. Genetic analysis has revealed that species identification based on appearance alone is flawed, impacting conservation efforts. Why it matters: Understanding the genetic diversity of Red Sea corals is crucial for effective conservation strategies in the face of climate change and coral bleaching.
KAUST postdoctoral fellow Ming-Hui Chiu, from the Physical Science and Engineering division, focuses on 2D material heterostructure synthesis and characterization utilizing chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology. His research aims to develop and optimize CVD for transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) growth, which could replace silicon in sub-nm scale devices. Chiu values KAUST's resources, interactions with researchers, and work-life balance. Why it matters: This research contributes to the advancement of next-generation electronic devices using 2D materials, positioning KAUST as a hub for cutting-edge materials science.
Abdulrahman Alkhateeb, a KAUST alumnus with a master's in mechanical engineering, is pursuing his Ph.D. at KAUST's Clean Combustion Research Center under William Roberts, focusing on hydrogen-based fuel combustion for gas turbines. He previously worked at Saudi Aramco, which supported his studies at the University of Birmingham and KAUST. Alkhateeb chose KAUST for its shared vision with Aramco and its high academic standards and research facilities. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's role in developing Saudi talent in critical energy research areas aligned with national priorities.
KAUST has signed a worldwide agreement with Thermo Fisher Scientific, granting the company access to two KAUST patents related to high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The patents enable atomic-resolution TEM imaging of electron beam–sensitive crystalline materials by minimizing beam damage using low doses of electrons. The technology also improves alignment of nano-sized crystals and delivers high signal-to-noise ratio images. Why it matters: This partnership enhances KAUST's role as a global technology university and strengthens Saudi Arabia's position as a hub for scientific advancement in materials science.
Princess Hala bint Khalid bin Sultan discussed the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation's marine preservation work at KAUST's Enrichment in the Fall program. The foundation focuses on research, education, and communication to preserve marine environments locally, regionally, and globally. Key projects include a five-year research expedition across 15 countries and the Mangroves Program in Jamaican and Bahamian schools. Why it matters: This highlights the ongoing efforts and commitment within Saudi Arabia to address critical environmental challenges in marine ecosystems through research and education.
A KAUST-led team in collaboration with Japan's National Institute of Informatics and Cray Inc. has implemented a new algorithm to harness the power of supercomputers. The algorithm integrates new singular value decomposition (SVD) codes into Cray LibSci scientific libraries, supporting machine learning and data de-noising applications. This was achieved through the Cray Center of Excellence (CCOE) at KAUST, established in 2015. Why it matters: The new algorithm helps to optimize the use of advanced supercomputing infrastructure in the region, specifically KAUST's Shaheen II, for computationally intensive AI applications.
The KAUST School (TKS) collaborated with the KAUST Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) to provide hands-on learning experiences for TKS students at the Ibn Sina Research Station. Students measured mangrove heights, crab abundances, and soil properties, guided by RSRC researchers Joanne Ellis, Marco Fusi, and Timothy Thomson. The collaboration aims to expose students to real-world research and foster a passion for science. Why it matters: This collaboration exemplifies how research institutions in the GCC can enrich local education by sharing expertise and resources, inspiring the next generation of scientists and environmental stewards.
KAUST alumnus Zhenwei Wang (Ph.D. '18), who studied under Professor Husam Alshareef, focused on developing oxide semiconductors for transparent electronics during his time at KAUST. Currently a postdoctoral researcher at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), he is now developing novel biological sensing devices using nanoparticles. Wang credits KAUST's facilities and support for enabling him to overcome research challenges. Why it matters: The story highlights KAUST's role in fostering materials science talent and contributing to advancements in bio-sensing technology, with implications for future medical diagnostics.
The article discusses Team NimbRo's approaches to challenges involving micro aerial vehicles (MAV) at the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC) 2017. The challenges included landing on a moving vehicle and a treasure hunt task requiring mission planning and multi-robot coordination. The team's system achieved a third place in both subchallenges and contributed to winning the MBZIRC Grand Challenge. Why it matters: This demonstrates advanced robotics capabilities developed and tested in the UAE, pushing the boundaries of autonomous aerial vehicle operation and multi-robot collaboration.
KAUST Associate Professor Xiangliang Zhang presented her work on mining streaming and temporal data at the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-ECAI-18) in Stockholm. Her talk, "Mining Streaming and Temporal Data: from Representation to Knowledge," summarized her research on mining data streams. Zhang directs the KAUST Machine Intelligence and kNowledge Engineering (MINE) group, which focuses on knowledge discovery from large-scale data. Why it matters: Showcases KAUST's contributions to AI research and highlights the university's growing recognition within the international AI community.
Air Products has joined the KAUST Industry Collaboration Program (KICP) as a strategic partner. This collaboration grants Air Products access to KAUST's research, technologies, talent pool, and infrastructure, including the KAUST Core Labs. The partnership will focus on areas like carbon capture, gas separation, and hydrogen production. Why it matters: This partnership strengthens KAUST's role as a hub for industry collaboration and provides Air Products with access to cutting-edge research and expertise in sustainable technologies.
Three KAUST startups, iyris, Oaesis, and UnitX, were selected in the top 10 at the Startup Istanbul international competition out of 90,000 applicants. iyris secured third place with its technology, while Oaesis developed a laser-based energy-efficient lighting system for indoor farms. KAUST supports emerging companies from ideation to marketing and financial support. Why it matters: This showcases KAUST's role in fostering innovation and contributing to Saudi Arabia's knowledge-based economy by supporting promising startups on the global stage.
KAUST is focused on optimizing scientific research through IT, including high-performance computing and supercomputing. KAUST's CIO, Jason Roos, emphasizes that IT at KAUST prioritizes research support, drawing from his experience in mission-critical IT in healthcare. KAUST houses Shaheen II, the fastest supercomputer in the Middle East, managed with state-of-the-art facilities. Why it matters: This focus enhances KAUST's research capabilities, providing resources on par with national labs and attracting top talent in science and technology to the region.
William Tang from Princeton spoke at KAUST about using deep learning to achieve nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion, recreating stellar conditions on Earth, is considered the "holy grail" of power sources because it is clean and does not produce radioactive waste. Tokamaks, invented by Soviet physicists, are devices used to contain plasma, the superheated ionized gas required for fusion. Why it matters: KAUST is contributing to research on sustainable energy solutions, including exploring the potential of AI in nuclear fusion, a potentially transformative clean energy source.
Dr. Luiz Rocha from the California Academy of Sciences discussed the impact of climate change on coral reefs during a keynote lecture at KAUST. He highlighted the phenomenon of coral bleaching due to rising water temperatures and its devastating effects on marine ecosystems. Rocha also spoke about exploring mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs), or the "twilight zone," at depths of 60-150 meters. Why it matters: Understanding the impact of climate change on coral reefs and exploring deeper marine ecosystems is crucial for preserving marine biodiversity in the face of global warming.
Areej Aljarb is a Ph.D. student in material science and engineering at KAUST, researching 2D materials within the KAUST 2D Materials Research Lab under Professors Lain-Jong Li and Xixiang Zhang. Her research focuses on the controlled growth and fundamental phenomena of two-dimensional atomic layer thin materials, specifically controlling the orientation of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Aljarb aims to achieve single-orientation epitaxial monolayer 2D TMDs to fully utilize the potential of these materials. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's commitment to fostering local talent and contributing to advanced materials research with potential applications in various technology sectors.
Maram Al-Malki, a KAUST alumna (M.S. '17) in chemistry from the Clean Combustion Research Center, is now pursuing a Ph.D. at KAUST's Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Center. Her Ph.D. focuses on developing energy consumption strategies for intelligent use of energy sources. Al-Malki advises current students to learn from mistakes and connect with diverse peers. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's role in fostering local talent and research in sustainable energy solutions, contributing to Saudi Arabia's vision for a diversified and sustainable economy.
KAUST's Image and Video Understanding Lab is developing machine learning algorithms for computer vision and object tracking, with applications in video content search and UAV navigation. Their algorithms can detect specific activities in videos, helping platforms detect unwanted content and deliver relevant ads. The object tracking algorithm is also used to empower UAVs, enabling them to follow objects autonomously. Why it matters: This research enhances video content analysis and UAV capabilities, positioning KAUST as a leader in computer vision and AI applications within the region.
A KAUST team designed an enhanced transfer system for Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Health (MOH) to address employee localization challenges. The system aims to improve staff distribution across the Kingdom and increase employee satisfaction by offering transparency and optimized HR allocation. The team, led by Omar Knio, Sultan Al-Barakati, and Ricardo Lima, developed dashboards for real-time application tracking and individual scoring. Why it matters: The collaboration between KAUST and MOH demonstrates the potential of AI and optimization to address critical human resource challenges in the public sector and improve healthcare services in Saudi Arabia.
KAUST Ph.D. student Michał Mańkowski won a Poster of Distinction Award at the American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) 18th Annual State of the Art Winter Symposium for his work on kidney allocation systems. His poster described a simulation for a new kidney allocation system to accelerate organ placement, focusing on marginal quality kidneys. The research involves combinatorial optimization, operation research and management science with healthcare applications, stemming from a collaboration with Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Why it matters: The research aims to improve organ transplantation efficiency and save lives by optimizing kidney allocation systems, demonstrating the potential of AI and optimization techniques in healthcare.
A team from KAUST attended the 9th International Symbiosis Society Congress in Oregon, U.S. in July. Hagen Gegner, a KAUST Ph.D. student, presented work on the role of high salinity in the thermotolerance of corals. He reflected on the pros and cons of presenting unpublished research, balancing transparency with potential exposure of sensitive findings. Why it matters: The participation of KAUST researchers in this international congress highlights the university's focus on marine biology and symbiosis, fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing in a competitive scientific field.
KAUST master’s degree student Samuel Horváth won a best poster award at the Data Science Summer School (DS3) in Paris for his poster entitled "Nonconvex Variance Reduced Optimization with Arbitrary Sampling". The poster is based on a paper of the same name currently under review and is joint work between Horváth and his supervisor Professor Peter Richtárik from the KAUST Visual Computing Center. Horváth's research interests are at the interface of statistical learning and big data optimization, with a focus on randomized methods for non-convex problems. Why it matters: This award recognizes the quality of KAUST's research and its students' contributions to the field of data science and optimization.
KAUST's Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC) is dedicated to reducing the energy footprint of desalination, with Saudi Arabia being the largest producer of desalinated water globally. Biofouling, caused by organisms like the bay barnacle, increases the energy required for desalination and affects various sectors, including medical devices and marine vessels. Researchers at WDRC, including Professor Matthew McCabe and Director Johannes Vrouwenvelder, are exploring novel desalination technologies and anti-fouling agents to combat biofouling. Why it matters: Addressing biofouling is crucial for reducing the economic and ecological costs of desalination in water-scarce regions like Saudi Arabia and improving efficiency across multiple industries.
KAUST Ph.D. student Nasir Alfaraj represented KAUST and Saudi Arabia at the 2018 Chicago Forum on Global Cities. The forum, hosted by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs and The Financial Times, focused on solving global challenges. Alfaraj attended panels on water, food, and energy security, relevant to his research on UV light-emitting devices for water sterilization. Why it matters: This participation highlights KAUST's role in international dialogues on sustainability and showcases Saudi contributions to addressing global challenges.
A KAUST-led international team has published research detailing the potential of marine-based solutions to combat climate change. The study assesses the effectiveness of 13 ocean-based measures, including reducing greenhouse gas concentrations and protecting marine ecosystems. The research will inform decision-makers at COP24. Why it matters: Highlighting the potential of ocean-based solutions can broaden the scope of climate action strategies in the region, where coastal environments and marine resources are vital.
Team NimbRo's robot Mario won the MBZIRC 2017 Challenge 2 by autonomously manipulating a valve stem using a wrench. The robot uses an omnidirectional base for locomotion and a 3D laser scan detector to find the manipulation panel. A deep neural network detects and selects the correct tool from grayscale images, and motion primitives are adapted to turn the valve stem. Why it matters: This work demonstrates advanced robotic manipulation capabilities relevant for industrial automation and hazardous environment operations in the region.
Lockheed Martin and KAUST have signed a Master Research Agreement, Lockheed Martin's first international one. Their initial collaboration will focus on integrating KAUST-developed flexible solar cells on UAVs to enhance operational endurance. The collaboration aims to support applications across sectors and aligns with Saudi Vision 2030. Why it matters: This partnership signifies a major step in advancing technological innovation in Saudi Arabia, particularly in aerospace and renewable energy applications for UAVs.
Nasser Alaslaai, a KAUST alumnus (M.S. '13, Ph.D. '17), began his educational journey after working as a shepherd in Saudi Arabia. He graduated from KFUPM and then joined KAUST, initially planning to return to Saudi Aramco after his master's. Alaslaai's experience at KAUST led him to pursue a Ph.D., resulting in 10 research papers, eight conference participations, and a registered patent at the USPTO. Why it matters: This highlights the transformative impact of institutions like KAUST in fostering scientific talent and enabling individuals from diverse backgrounds to contribute to research and innovation in the Kingdom.
KAUST's Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC) and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) have collaborated on research into methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) within Saudi Arabia, starting in July 2018. The two-year project aims to understand MRSA drug resistance mechanisms specific to the Kingdom and its regions, with the goal of developing public health strategies. The project involves sequencing samples and performing bioinformatics analysis to support a network of researchers in the country. Why it matters: This initiative enhances Saudi Arabia's capacity to predict, prevent, and control infectious diseases, aligning with national health objectives and building local expertise in computational bioscience.
KAUST researcher Corrado Calì won an award at the Brainstorming Research Assembly for Young Neuroscientists (BraYn) in Italy for his work on glycogen modulation and synapse stabilization. Calì presented research in collaboration with KAUST Professor Andrea Falqui and Dr. Elena Vezzoli from the University of Milan, investigating the lactate shuttle's involvement in synaptic plasticity. Calì and KAUST colleagues are also collaborating with the Blue Brain Project to produce a computer simulation of astrocyte-neuron coupling, using 3D virtual reality to investigate brain cell morphologies at the nanoscale. Why it matters: This award recognizes KAUST's contribution to neuroscience research and highlights the university's collaborative efforts in understanding brain plasticity and developing advanced tools for studying brain structures.
KAUST's Extreme Computing Research Center Director David Keyes will chair the technical program of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage, and Analysis (SC18) in Dallas. Approximately 420 professional volunteers and 160 student volunteers are engaged in the technical program. During SC17, KAUST’s supercomputer Shaheen II was recognized as the fastest in the Middle East, and it is expected to retain this title at SC18. Why it matters: KAUST's leadership role highlights the university's growing influence in global supercomputing and positions the Kingdom as a key player in HPC research and development.
KAUST Ph.D. students David Evangelista and Xianjin Yang won best paper awards at international conferences this summer for their work in mean-field game theory. Evangelista's paper focused on solutions for stationary mean-field games with congestion, while Yang's paper developed numerical methods for homogenization problems. The awards were presented at the 18th International Symposium on Dynamic Games and Applications in France and the 12th American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS) Conference in Taiwan. Why it matters: The recognition highlights KAUST's strength in applied mathematics and computational science, specifically in the emerging field of mean-field games with applications across various domains.
Nada Aljassim is the first KAUST Gifted Student Program (KGSP) participant to earn a Ph.D. at KAUST, after completing undergraduate studies at University College London. The KGSP, established before KAUST's opening, supports top Saudi students in STEM fields for undergraduate studies abroad followed by graduate studies at KAUST. Aljassim aims to contribute to Saudi Arabia's knowledge economy and give back to her country after its investment in her education. Why it matters: The KGSP program is helping to build a strong pipeline of Saudi talent in STEM fields, contributing to the Kingdom's research and development capabilities.
KAUST Ph.D. student Mohamed Bahloul received a best paper award at the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC ‘18) for the Africa and Middle East region. Bahloul's paper presented a three-element fractional-order viscoelastic Windkessel model developed in the EMAN group at KAUST. The model incorporates a fractional-order capacitor, potentially enabling earlier prediction of cardiovascular diseases. Why it matters: The award recognizes impactful research in biomedical engineering at KAUST and highlights the potential for advanced modeling techniques to improve healthcare in the region.
KAUST's Saudi Summer Internship (SSI) program hosted 29 undergraduate students from Saudi universities this year, up from just 6 students five years ago. The students were assigned to CEMSE labs for 8-12 weeks, conducting research alongside KAUST faculty. At the end of the program, the students participated in a poster competition to present their work. Why it matters: This program fosters local talent in STEM fields and strengthens KAUST's ties with other Saudi universities.
KAUST Ph.D. students Abdullah S. Almansouri and Hanan Mohammed won awards at the 21st International Conference on Magnetism (ICM 2018). Almansouri won the Best Poster Award for his work on magnetic tracking of cardiac catheters using flexible magnetic tunnel junction sensors. Mohammed won the People's Choice Award in the Magnetism as Art Showcase for her artwork entitled 'Autumn in my Nanoworld.' Why it matters: Recognition at ICM highlights KAUST's research contributions in magnetism and microsystems, particularly in developing innovative medical devices.
A KAUST-led team mapped the genome of the orange clownfish using the university's Supercomputing and Bioscience Core Labs. The genome contains 26,597 protein-coding genes and is available via the Nemo Genome DB database. The clownfish genome is one of the most complete fish genomes ever produced, comprising approximately 939 million nucleotides. Why it matters: This genomic map provides a crucial resource for understanding reef fish biology and responses to environmental changes like climate change.
KAUST Ph.D. student Qurrat-Ul-Ain Nadeem received a 2018 Marconi Society Paul Baran Young Scholar Award for her work in full-dimension (FD) massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission technology. Nadeem's research could more than double the average throughput performance of existing wireless communication systems through 3D beamforming. Her work establishes a link between the industry's vision for FD-MIMO and the theoretical study of 3-D beamforming. Why it matters: This award recognizes young researchers in Saudi Arabia and highlights KAUST's role in promoting science and technology in the region, especially for women in STEM.
KAUST Ph.D. student Valerio Mazzone won the best paper award at the 9th International Conference on Metamaterials, Photonic Crystals and Plasmonics (META). Mazzone's paper demonstrated the design of a new type of fully optical neural network using dielectric nano-lasers with invisible emission. The research showed the system can produce ultrafast optical pulses with controllable period and time duration in an optical chip. Why it matters: This award recognizes KAUST's contribution to innovative research in nanophotonics and optical computing, potentially leading to more efficient and compact laser technology.
KAUST researchers are developing new solar desalination methods to increase efficiency and minimize heat losses, building on techniques dating back to Arab alchemists. KAUST Associate Professor Peng Wang and his team at the Water Desalination and Reuse Center are developing an innovative system that more efficiently vaporizes water using interfacial heating. The design uses a photothermal material to capture the entire spectrum of sunlight and convert it into heat with nearly 100% efficiency. Why it matters: This research could provide more sustainable and efficient methods for producing fresh water in arid regions like the Middle East.
KAUST Ph.D. student Hui-Chun Fu and postdoctoral fellow Purushothaman Varadhan won awards at the 2018 NANO Conference in Hong Kong for their photoelectrochemical research. They received the Materials Today Rising Star Poster Award (Silver) and the NANO2018 Session Theme Poster Award. Their research focuses on converting solar energy into storable fuels like hydrogen through solar-driven water splitting. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's contributions to renewable energy research, crucial for the GCC's transition to sustainable energy sources.
Dr. Roberto Arrigoni, a research scientist at KAUST's Red Sea Research Center, has been awarded the international "Benazzi Lentati" prize in zoology by L'Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome. The biennial prize is dedicated to young researchers under 35 in organismic evolutionary zoology. Arrigoni's research focuses on the systematics, phylogeny, and biogeography of scleractinian corals from the Indo-Pacific, particularly the Red Sea coral fauna. Why it matters: This award recognizes KAUST's contributions to marine biology and highlights the importance of Red Sea research on coral biodiversity.
KAUST and McLaren Racing have signed a five-year R&D agreement focused on extreme performance technology. The partnership will focus on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), machine learning, fuels and lubricants, advanced mathematics and sensors and electronics. The collaboration aims to advance research and offer talent development for KAUST graduate students through research and internships. Why it matters: This partnership highlights KAUST's growing role in international collaborations to advance research and development in key areas like AI and sustainable mobility solutions.
Dr. Tony Chan has assumed the role of President of KAUST on September 1st. He previously led the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) for a decade. Prior to that, he had a distinguished career in computational mathematics and held leadership positions at the U.S. National Science Foundation and the University of California, Los Angeles. Why it matters: Chan's appointment signals KAUST's continued focus on advancing its global research agenda and contributing to Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030.
Kamal Mousa Al-Jahni, a Saudi Ph.D. student at the University of South Florida, is researching natural water springs in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Oman, leveraging facilities at the KAUST Analytical Chemistry Core Lab (ACL). Al-Jahni is expanding on his master's research, collaborating with King Saud University and utilizing KAUST's specialized testing facilities and expert staff. He aims to improve sample collection and utilize advanced lab equipment. Why it matters: This research contributes to a better understanding of water resources in the Arabian Peninsula and demonstrates KAUST's role in supporting environmental research and training Saudi researchers.
KAUST Library Director Dr. J. K. Vijayakumar has been elected to the board of directors of the International Association of University Libraries (IATUL). KAUST has been a member of IATUL since 2009, which provides a forum for library directors to discuss library service development. IATUL's president noted Vijayakumar was well-suited to foster IATUL's ambition to serve as a bridge between cultures. Why it matters: This appointment recognizes KAUST's growing role in international academic collaborations and knowledge sharing.
KAUST hosted the KAUST Sensor Initiative, convening experts in sensor development, material science, energy, communications, and data analysis. Live demonstrations showcased working prototypes, including a flexible sensor for monitoring the speed of dolphins developed by KAUST Ph.D. student Altynay Kaidarova. The initiative aims to advance a network of smarter, interactive physical IoT devices with embedded intelligent sensor technologies. Why it matters: This initiative highlights KAUST's role in fostering innovation in sensor technology and IoT, crucial for advancing smart infrastructure and environmental monitoring in the region.
KAUST researchers have found that the symbiotic relationship between corals and micro-algae is 100 million years older than previously thought, dating back 160 million years. The study suggests that corals have endured numerous climate change events due to their biological characteristics. Researchers developed an updated naming scheme using genetic techniques to identify different micro-algal symbionts. Why it matters: This discovery offers a glimmer of hope for coral survival in the face of modern global warming and enhances conservation efforts, while also modernizing coral symbiont taxonomy.