General AI research publications from MBZUAI, KAUST, TII, QCRI, and other GCC institutions, including conference papers, journal articles, and preprints.
MBZUAI's Samuel Horváth presented a new framework called Maestro at ICML 2024 for efficiently training machine learning models in federated settings. Maestro identifies and removes redundant components of a model through trainable decomposition to increase efficiency on edge devices. The approach decomposes layers into low-dimensional approximations, discarding unused aspects to reduce model size. Why it matters: This research addresses the challenge of running complex models on resource-constrained devices, crucial for expanding AI applications while preserving data privacy.
MBZUAI Professor Kun Zhang is developing machine learning techniques to identify hidden causal variables, which are underlying concepts driving cause-and-effect relationships. Zhang and colleagues from Carnegie Mellon University are presenting a new approach for this at ICML 2024. Their method, causal representation learning, assumes that measured variables are generated by unobserved latent variables. Why it matters: Uncovering hidden causal relationships can significantly advance understanding in various fields by revealing the underlying mechanisms driving observed phenomena.
MBZUAI researchers presented a study at ICML 2024 examining how data aggregation distorts causal discovery. The study argues that current methods are misled because real-world interactions happen at a micro level while observations are aggregated. Using the example of ice cream sales and temperature, they highlight how aggregation introduces "instantaneous causality" where time-lags exist. Why it matters: The research identifies a fundamental limitation in current causal discovery methods, potentially impacting disciplines relying on accurate causal inference from observational data.
MBZUAI and KAUST researchers collaborated to present new optimization methods at ICML 2024 for composite and distributed machine learning settings. The study addresses challenges in training large models due to data size and computational power. Their work focuses on minimizing the "loss function" by adjusting internal trainable parameters, using techniques like gradient clipping. Why it matters: This research contributes to the ongoing advancement of machine learning optimization, crucial for improving the performance and efficiency of AI models in the region and globally.
The article discusses how AI is being used to enhance the Olympic and Paralympic Games, with a focus on research from MBZUAI. PhD student Ahmed Sharshar is developing lightweight AI models for accessible gym coaching, while Intel is using AI to improve accessibility for the visually impaired and provide a chatbot for athletes. MBZUAI's Karima Kadaoui suggests AI could customize equipment and prosthetics for Paralympians, optimizing performance and safety. Why it matters: AI has the potential to democratize access to advanced training technologies and enhance the experience for both athletes and spectators at the Olympic Games.
MBZUAI welcomed 45 international STEM students to its month-long Undergraduate Research Internship Program (UGRIP), a 32% increase from its second year. The program exposes students to AI research and faculty, attracting applicants from universities like IIT Madras, Harvard, and Yale. Interns worked on AI projects including digital healthcare metaverse prototypes, baby cry analysis, and LLM generalizability. Why it matters: This program helps to foster AI talent and promote the UAE as a global hub for AI research.
MBZUAI's Metaverse Center is developing technologies for realistic avatar generation. Hao Li and colleagues presented a novel approach at CVPR 2024, collaborating with ETH Zurich, VinAI Research, and Pinscreen. The technology addresses the challenge of mapping 2D images to 3D avatars, accounting for poses, expressions, and views. Why it matters: Creating realistic and efficient avatar generation could improve user experience and accessibility in virtual environments across the Middle East.
MBZUAI PhD graduate William de Vazelhes is researching hard-thresholding algorithms to enable AI to work from smaller datasets. His work focuses on optimization algorithms that simplify data, making it easier to analyze and work with, useful for energy-saving and deploying AI models on low-memory devices. He demonstrated that his approach can obtain results similar to those of convex algorithms in many usual settings. Why it matters: This research could broaden AI accessibility by reducing computational costs, and has potential applications in sectors like finance, particularly for portfolio management under budgetary constraints.
MBZUAI's first Ph.D. graduate, Numan Saeed, developed deep learning models to diagnose head and neck cancers using PET and CT scan imagery. His research focused on improving early detection and accurate localization of tumors, aiming to enhance diagnosis and prognosis. Early diagnosis can reduce mortality rates by up to 70%. Why it matters: This research showcases the potential of AI in healthcare to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment, addressing a critical need in resource-constrained healthcare systems.
MBZUAI student Fatima Ahmed Khalil Mohamed Alkhoori is researching machine learning techniques to improve traffic sign recognition for autonomous vehicles. Her work focuses on using transformer model architectures to enhance the ability of autonomous vehicles to accurately recognize traffic signs in varying environmental conditions. The research aims to address challenges such as viewing angle, lighting variations, and shadows that can confuse regular models. Why it matters: This research contributes to the advancement of safe and effective autonomous vehicle navigation, aligning with the UAE's vision of having a world-class transportation system.
MBZUAI student Zain Muhammad Mujahid is researching methods to detect media bias using NLP and LLMs. His approach profiles bias across media outlets using LLMs like ChatGPT to predict bias based on 16 identifiers. The research aims to develop a tool that instantly provides a bias profile for a given media URL. Why it matters: This research has the potential to combat misinformation and enhance media literacy in the region by providing tools to identify biased reporting, and it is expanding to Arabic and other languages.
MBZUAI graduate Ahmed Sharshar developed a computer vision application that assesses lung health from a video of a person breathing, estimating Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), and Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF). The model achieved up to 100% accuracy using thermal video data from 60 participants. Sharshar aims to create lightweight models applicable in developing countries without high-end GPUs. Why it matters: This research showcases the potential of AI to democratize healthcare access through non-invasive, accessible diagnostic tools.
MBZUAI Ph.D. graduate Hilal Mohammad Hilal AlQuabeh researched methods to improve the efficiency of machine learning algorithms, specifically focusing on pairwise learning and multi-instance learning. Pairwise learning teaches AI to make decisions by comparing options in pairs, useful for ranking and anomaly detection. Multi-instance learning involves learning from sets of data points, applicable in areas like drug discovery. Why it matters: Optimizing AI for low-resource environments expands its accessibility and applicability in critical sectors like healthcare and remote area operations.
MBZUAI computer vision graduate Yahia Dalbah pivoted from electrical engineering to a role at FortyGuard, a clean tech startup focused on geospatial analysis of outdoor temperatures. He will be a research and development engineer, responsible for machine learning and computer vision algorithms. FortyGuard provides governments and businesses with tools to measure and analyze factors affecting heat and temperature. Why it matters: This highlights the potential for AI education in the UAE to drive innovation in sustainability and environmental solutions through local startups.
Elizabeth Churchill, formerly Senior Director of UX at Google, has joined MBZUAI as Department Chair of Human-Computer Interaction. Churchill will lead the establishment of MBZUAI's newest HCI department, after computer science and robotics. She recently received the ACM SIGCHI Lifetime Practice Award. Why it matters: The appointment of a renowned UX expert like Churchill signals MBZUAI's commitment to integrating human-centered design principles into its AI research and education, potentially fostering more user-friendly and impactful AI applications in the region.
MBZUAI will graduate its first three Ph.D. students on June 6, 2024. Numan Saeed's research focused on using AI and big data to diagnose head and neck cancers using PET and CT scans, aided by NLP to interpret doctors' notes. The graduates will remain in the UAE to contribute to the country's growing AI sector. Why it matters: This milestone highlights the growing AI talent pool in the UAE and the potential for AI research at MBZUAI to address critical healthcare challenges.
MBZUAI's Professor Ted Briscoe is working on an educational technology initiative with IBM to support Arabic literacy in the Gulf by providing personalized feedback on student writing. He is also developing a question-answering system for Abu Dhabi Global Market to help companies understand local regulations. The Q&A system aims to assist smaller companies in establishing offices in Abu Dhabi by providing affordable access to regulatory information. Why it matters: These projects apply NLP to address practical needs in education and business, fostering Arabic literacy and easing regulatory compliance for SMEs in the UAE.
The article discusses how AI is transforming healthcare, aviation, and agriculture. MBZUAI has launched the Institute of Digital Public Health (IDHP) and partnered with the Department of Health – Abu Dhabi and Core42 to launch the Global AI Healthcare Academy. MBZUAI has also partnered with Etihad Airways to explore AI applications in aviation and with Silal to bring AI innovation to agriculture and food production. Why it matters: These initiatives signal the UAE's commitment to becoming a global AI hub by integrating AI across key sectors and fostering innovation through strategic partnerships.
MBZUAI Professor Preslav Nakov is researching methods to identify and combat the harmful uses of large language models in generating disinformation. He notes that disinformation, unlike fake news, is weaponized with the intent to persuade, not just to lie. His research focuses on the linguistic differences between human-written and machine-generated disinformation, such as the use of rhetorical devices in human propaganda. Why it matters: As AI-generated content becomes more prevalent, understanding and mitigating its potential for spreading disinformation is critical for maintaining trust and integrity in information ecosystems, especially during major election cycles.
MBZUAI researchers are developing an AI-powered tool for flood assessment using satellite data and computer vision, prompted by the recent extreme weather in the Gulf region. The prototype analyzes spatial satellite imagery from before and after the storm to detect changes and identify heavily impacted roads and critical infrastructure. The tool uses AI models, Sentinel-2 imagery, and OpenStreetMap data to locate affected areas and estimate water depth. Why it matters: This research offers a way to automate and improve rapid response to extreme weather events, providing local authorities with critical information for rescue, recovery, and future urban planning in the face of climate change.
MBZUAI Professor Ian Reid discusses his career in embodied AI, from early work on active vision at Oxford to current research. He highlights three key developments: cameras as geometric sensors, visual SLAM, and advancements in robot navigation. Reid distinguishes embodied AI from systems like ChatGPT, emphasizing its need for understanding and interaction with the physical world. Why it matters: The insights from a leading expert underscore the importance of embodied AI as the next frontier in intelligent systems and robotics in the region.
MBZUAI's Maxim Panov is developing uncertainty quantification methods to improve the reliability of language models. His work focuses on providing insights into the confidence level of machine learning models' predictions, especially in scenarios where accuracy is critical, such as medicine. Panov is working on post-processing techniques that can be applied to already-trained models. Why it matters: This research aims to address the issue of "hallucinations" in language models, enhancing their trustworthiness and applicability in sensitive domains within the region and globally.
LibrAI is an AI startup founded by Xudong Han, a University of Melbourne PhD graduate, in December 2023 after the release of ChatGPT. The company focuses on advancing AI safety and responsible AI practices, building on Han's prior work creating FairLib, an open-source toolkit for fairness in deep neural networks. LibrAI's team of seven aims to create practical solutions ensuring AI is both responsible and revolutionary. Why it matters: The establishment of a startup focused on AI safety highlights growing awareness of ethical considerations in AI development within the region.
MBZUAI adjunct professor Iryna Gurevych was appointed to the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and received the “Social Impact Award” at the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. The Social Impact Award recognized her study on sociodemographic prompting, a technique that steers prompt-based models towards answers reflecting specific sociodemographic profiles. Gurevych was also named one of the 15 most important women in AI in Germany by Manager Magazin for her work building an AI assistant with Amazon. Why it matters: Recognizing experts at MBZUAI raises the visibility of the university and its contributions to cutting-edge NLP research, particularly in areas like ethical and responsible AI development.
MBZUAI researchers are developing AI applications for malaria prevention in Indonesia using sensory data fusion and digital twins. Another MBZUAI team is using machine learning and computer vision to detect cardiovascular disease from CT scans in collaboration with the University of Oxford. AI-powered remote patient monitoring is also being explored for proactive interventions and chronic disease management. Why it matters: These projects demonstrate the potential of AI to address healthcare challenges in underserved communities and improve disease prevention and management in the region.
Professor Timothy Baldwin has been appointed as the Provost of Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI). He previously served as Department Chair of NLP, Associate Provost for Academic Affairs, and Acting Provost. During his tenure, Baldwin co-led the technical development of Jais, the leading Arabic LLM, and spearheaded initiatives including new academic departments and the Undergraduate Research Internship Program. Why it matters: Baldwin's appointment signals continued investment in AI talent and research at MBZUAI, particularly in Arabic NLP and large language models.
MBZUAI Professor Preslav Nakov has developed FRAPPE, an interactive website that analyzes news articles to identify persuasion techniques. FRAPPE helps users understand framing, persuasion, and propaganda at an aggregate level, across different news outlets and countries. Presented at EACL, FRAPPE uses 23 specific techniques categorized into six broader buckets, such as 'attack on reputation' and 'manipulative wording'. Why it matters: The tool addresses the increasing difficulty in discerning factual information from disinformation, providing a means to identify biases in news media from different countries.
MBZUAI Professor Monojit Choudhury co-authored a study on LLMs and their capacity for moral reasoning, with the study being presented at the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL) in Malta. The study included contributions from Aditi Khandelwal, Utkarsh Agarwal, and Kumar Tanmay from Microsoft. The research explores AI alignment, ensuring AI systems align with human values, moral principles, and ethical considerations. Why it matters: The study provides insight into LLMs' capabilities regarding complex ethical issues, which is important for guiding the development of AI in a way that is consistent with human values.
MBZUAI Assistant Professor Alham Fikri Aji is presenting research at EACL 2024 on efficient NLP for low-resource languages. The study uses knowledge distillation, transferring knowledge from a larger model (ChatGPT) to a smaller one using synthetic instruction data. The goal is to achieve similar performance with less computational resources, focusing on underrepresented languages. Why it matters: This work addresses the need for more accessible and inclusive NLP technologies, especially for languages lacking extensive datasets and computational resources.
Monojit Choudhury, formerly of Microsoft Research and Project Turing, has joined MBZUAI as a professor of natural language processing. Choudhury's work at Microsoft involved developing NLP applications and responsible AI, including manually programming LLMs to prevent toxic or biased content. He was impressed by GPT-4's capabilities and believes academia is the best place for deep research in NLP. Why it matters: Choudhury's experience at Microsoft, including his work on responsible AI and LLMs, could contribute to MBZUAI's NLP research and the development of more inclusive LLMs.
MBZUAI researcher Karima Kadaoui is using AI to assist disadvantaged communities and languages, with a focus on democratizing NLP tasks for Arabic dialects. Her master's thesis focused on impaired speech recognition, converting disfluencies of individuals with speech disabilities into clear speech. She emphasizes the importance of diversity and inclusion in AI to avoid bias and ensure systems reflect the user distribution. Why it matters: This highlights MBZUAI's commitment to gender equity in STEM and the development of AI solutions tailored to the nuances of the Arabic language.
MBZUAI is highlighting five female leaders in AI for International Women’s Day, noting its 28% female student body. Dr. Farida Al Hosani is developing an AI healthcare solution for non-communicable diseases and was appointed VP of MBZUAI’s Alumni Advisory Board. Dr. Hanan Aldarmaki focuses on improving Arabic automated speech recognition and recently won an award for a paper on Arabic speech processing. Why it matters: Showcasing women in AI leadership helps promote diversity and inclusion in the field, especially in the context of the rapidly growing AI ecosystem in the UAE.
MBZUAI is highlighting five key AI innovations for UAE Innovation Month, including the Jais Arabic LLM developed with Core42 and Cerebras Systems. They also highlight the AI Operating System (AIOS) for reducing AI computing energy costs. Additionally, MBZUAI received a US patent for an AI-based handwriting generation technology. Why it matters: MBZUAI's focus on Arabic NLP and efficient AI computing positions the UAE as a leader in responsible and inclusive AI development.
MBZUAI researchers have developed a new approach to enhance the generalizability of vision-language models when processing out-of-distribution data. The study, led by Sheng Zhang and involving multiple MBZUAI professors and researchers, addresses the challenge of AI applications needing to manage unforeseen circumstances. The new method aims to improve how these models, which combine natural language processing and computer vision, handle new information not used during training. Why it matters: Improving the adaptability of vision-language models is critical for real-world AI applications like autonomous driving and medical imaging, especially in diverse and changing environments.
MBZUAI is hosting the third AI Quorum of the academic year, focusing on the future of human-computer interaction (HCI) in the age of AI. The event gathers researchers and practitioners from various disciplines and institutions, including University College London, Apple, and Google. The workshop aims to spur AI research and promote understanding of AI's potential for social good, with previous Quorums focusing on federated learning and statistics. Why it matters: This interdisciplinary focus on HCI at MBZUAI highlights the UAE's commitment to shaping the ethical and practical integration of AI into everyday life.
MBZUAI Assistant Professors Bin Gu and Huan Xiong are advancing spiking neural networks (SNNs) to improve computational power and energy efficiency. They will present their latest research on SNNs at the 38th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Vancouver. SNNs process information in discrete events, mimicking biological neurons and offering improved energy efficiency compared to traditional neural networks. Why it matters: This research could enable running advanced AI applications like GPTs on mobile devices, unlocking their full potential due to the energy efficiency of SNNs.
MBZUAI and the Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS) jointly hosted the inaugural Human Phenotype Project Hackathon in Abu Dhabi, focusing on AI-driven healthcare solutions. 24 postgraduate students and researchers analyzed "real data" from a deep-phenotype multi-omic biobank to develop personalized and predictive analytics. The hackathon utilized data from WIS and Pheno.AI’s Human Phenotype Project (HPP) in Israel, marking the first time an international university has been granted access to this data. Why it matters: This collaboration demonstrates the growing emphasis on leveraging AI for healthcare innovation in the UAE and fostering international partnerships to address global health challenges.
MBZUAI Professor Kun Zhang is working on applying AI to understand cause-and-effect relationships in biology, with the goal of accelerating scientific discovery and improving human health. He aims to develop foundation models for biology that can process diverse data types and provide insights into the causes and treatments of health problems. These models could help scientists develop new medicines and preventative measures for diseases. Why it matters: This research has the potential to significantly advance the field of medicine by enabling a deeper understanding of the complex biological processes that underlie disease.
MBZUAI's AI Quorum workshop featured Yale biostatistics professor Heping Zhang discussing the challenges of using AI and statistics to analyze noisy biological data for health insights. Zhang highlighted the need to develop methods to extract meaningful stories from noisy data to understand brain function and genetic roles in disease regulation. Harvard's Xihong Lin presented recommendations for building an ecosystem using AI and statistics to improve understanding of the relationship between genome sequences and biological functions. Why it matters: This discussion underscores the importance of AI and statistical methods in addressing the complexities of biological data, particularly in understanding neurological diseases like Alzheimer's, and highlights the need for centralized data infrastructure.
MBZUAI is hosting an "AI Quorum on Statistics for the Future of AI" in Abu Dhabi, focusing on the intersection of statistics and AI in healthcare. Organized by Professors Tian Zheng (Columbia University) and Hongtu Zhu (UNC), the event gathers experts from top global universities and organizations like Eli Lilly and MD Anderson Cancer Center. The workshop aims to integrate statistical insights into AI research, fostering innovations in the field. Why it matters: By convening international experts, MBZUAI is positioning itself as a hub for interdisciplinary AI research with a focus on healthcare applications.
MBZUAI will showcase AI research for sustainability at COP28 in Dubai, highlighting AI's role in addressing climate change. The university will present research projects including generative AI, efficient AI operating systems, remote patient monitoring, and AI solutions for urban heat islands. MBZUAI will also emphasize its role in developing the UAE’s AI ecosystem. Why it matters: This underscores the increasing recognition of AI as a crucial tool for achieving sustainability goals in the Middle East and globally.
MBZUAI hosted the Second Workshop on Collaborative Learning as part of the AI Quorum in Abu Dhabi, focusing on collaborative and federated learning for sustainable development. Researchers discussed applications in medicine, biology, ecological conservation, and humanitarian aid. Eric Xing highlighted the potential of large biology models, similar to LLMs, to revolutionize biological data analysis. Why it matters: This workshop underscores the UAE's commitment to advancing AI research in crucial sectors like healthcare and sustainability through collaborative learning approaches.
MBZUAI and United Al-Saqer Group have signed a 10-year research endowment agreement to advance AI in digital health. The funds will support health research projects at MBZUAI under the name of H.E. Sheikh Mohamed bin Butti Al Hamed. MBZUAI is already conducting research projects in areas like malaria spread, early detection of cardio and fetal abnormalities, and remote patient monitoring. Why it matters: This partnership highlights the UAE's commitment to leveraging AI for healthcare innovation and aligns with Abu Dhabi's 2030 Economic Vision.
MBZUAI researchers presented studies at EMNLP and ArabicNLP conferences on improving NLP for diverse languages, especially Arabic. One study evaluated ChatGPT and GPT-4's performance across Arabic dialects, finding limitations compared to English. GPT-4 showed better performance than GPT-3.5 in Arabic. Why it matters: This research highlights the need for NLP models to better support the linguistic diversity of Arabic and other languages to avoid widening existing technological gaps.
MBZUAI's Dr. Hao Li is working on using AI and 3D telepresence to transform communication, work, and education by replacing physical transportation with virtual teleportation. His research focuses on the intersection of computer graphics, computer vision, and AI, specifically virtual avatar creation and facial performance capture. Li aims to improve communication using AI to achieve what cannot be done in real life. Why it matters: This research has the potential to reduce carbon footprints by enabling remote work and virtual collaboration, while also positioning MBZUAI and the UAE as leaders in AI-driven metaverse technologies.
MBZUAI held an appreciation ceremony recognizing over 30 industry partners for their collaboration in building the AI ecosystem in Abu Dhabi. The event included panel discussions on AI's potential in healthcare and sustainability, featuring speakers from Mubadala Healthcare, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, and the Department of Health – Abu Dhabi. Faculty discussed advancements in NLP and MBZUAI's role in developing Jais and Jais Climate, along with progress in computer vision and machine learning. Why it matters: This event highlights MBZUAI's commitment to fostering partnerships that advance AI research and applications, particularly in areas crucial to the UAE's strategic priorities like healthcare and climate change.
Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi and MBZUAI have signed an MoU to collaborate on research and education initiatives. The partnership aims to create opportunities such as joint research projects and mentorship programs for students. Both institutions will leverage their expertise to explore AI applications in healthcare, focusing on areas like diagnostics and digital twins. Why it matters: The collaboration will strengthen Abu Dhabi's position as a hub for AI-enabled healthcare innovation and talent development.
MBZUAI awarded its first Ph.D. to Numan Saeed for his dissertation, "Deep Learning for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis." Saeed's research explores using deep learning models to diagnose tumors and predict survival rates for head and neck cancers by interpreting PET and CT scan imagery and doctor's notes. The AI model considers variables like age, gender, and tumor size to improve diagnosis, especially in regions with limited oncological services. Why it matters: This milestone highlights MBZUAI's growing role in AI research and its potential to contribute to advancements in AI-driven healthcare solutions, particularly for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
MBZUAI students won the top three awards at the Alibaba AI Hackathon in Dubai, part of GITEX Global AI InnovateFest. First place went to TalkTrain, a smart business assistant for public speaking practice, developed by Kane Lindsay and Hawau Olamide Toyin. Second place was awarded to Anaaya, a generative AI application for predicting adverse drug interactions, created by Mai A. Shaaban and Anees Ur Rehman Hashmi. Why it matters: This sweep highlights MBZUAI's strength in applied AI research and the potential for its students to create impactful solutions for real-world problems.
MBZUAI faculty won two awards and published eight papers at the 13th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 3rd Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (IJCNLP-AACL 2023). Alham Fikri Aji and Fajri Koto won the Best Resource Award for NusaWrites, a paper on constructing high-quality corpora for low-resource Indonesian languages by engaging speaker communities. Muhammad Abdul-Mageed won an Area Chair award for ProMap, a method for constructing bilingual dictionaries via language model prompting. Why it matters: This highlights MBZUAI's contribution to NLP research, particularly in low-resource languages and bilingual lexicon induction, and strengthens its position as a hub for AI research in the region.