KAUST researchers collaborated with TSMC to review the potential of 2D materials in overcoming silicon limitations for microchips. They find that while 2D materials show promise, performance degrades when using scalable fabrication techniques like chemical vapor deposition. 2D materials have been integrated into some commercial products like sensors, but high-integration-density circuits are still a challenge. Why it matters: This research highlights the ongoing efforts and remaining hurdles in utilizing novel materials to advance semiconductor technology in line with industry roadmaps.
KAUST attended the SC22 high-performance computing conference with a team of 20 supercomputing experts. KAUST highlighted that HPE will build Shaheen III, KAUST's next-generation supercomputer, which will be the most powerful in the Middle East. A KAUST team was also a finalist for the 2022 Gordon Bell Prize. Why it matters: KAUST's presence at SC22 underscores its growing influence and leadership in high-performance computing within the Middle East and globally.
Averda and KAUST have signed a 10-year contract to provide sustainable waste management solutions, targeting zero-waste goals by 2025. Averda will manage solid and hazardous waste, recycling, sorting, and disposal, building on a partnership since 2015 that has already recycled over 3,500 tonnes of waste. The new facility will include an all-electric fleet of waste collection vehicles and advanced sorting technology to divert waste from landfills. Why it matters: This partnership showcases a commitment to environmental sustainability and sets a precedent for technology-driven waste management solutions in Saudi Arabia.
Emirates News Agency (WAM) launched a new management system during the Global Media Congress. This system aims to enhance news operations, content creation, and distribution efficiency for the national news agency. It represents a significant step in modernizing WAM's internal technological infrastructure. Why it matters: This initiative underscores the UAE's commitment to digital transformation within its media sector, potentially leveraging advanced technologies to improve information dissemination across the region.
KAUST aims to become a leader in wide-bandgap semiconductor research, recognizing the technology's crucial role in diversifying Saudi Arabia's economy. Compound semiconductors are highlighted as the second most used type after silicon because of their superior properties. KAUST President Dr. Tony F. Chan emphasized the strategic importance of semiconductors and their potential to transform Saudi Arabia's digital economy, manufacturing, and defense industries. Why it matters: This initiative signals Saudi Arabia's strategic interest in developing a local semiconductor industry, crucial for its AI ambitions and economic diversification goals.
This paper presents a reinforcement learning framework for optimizing energy pricing in peer-to-peer (P2P) energy systems. The framework aims to maximize the profit of all components in a microgrid, including consumers, prosumers, the service provider, and a community battery. Experimental results on the Pymgrid dataset demonstrate the approach's effectiveness in price optimization, considering the interests of different components and the impact of community battery capacity.
KAUST researchers have developed solar panels with 4D-printed legs that readjust their position to track the sun's movement without consuming electrical energy. The design uses smart materials that contract when exposed to sunlight, tilting the panel towards the sun. A multidisciplinary team of interns collaborated on the project, integrating physics, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering expertise. Why it matters: This low-cost, energy-efficient solar-tracking technology could significantly increase the energy output of solar cells, offering a viable renewable energy solution for the region and beyond.
KAUST researchers used the Shaheen XC40 supercomputer to simulate airflow around a McLaren 17D Formula One front wing endplate. They then 3D printed the wing with colored flow patterns to visualize key aerodynamic features. The team combined expertise from the Extreme Computing Research Center (ECRC), the Advanced Algorithm and Numerical Simulations Lab (AANSLab), and the Prototyping and Product Development Core Lab (PCL). Why it matters: This project showcases KAUST's supercomputing and 3D printing capabilities for advanced engineering applications, potentially impacting fields beyond Formula One aerodynamics.
KAUST researchers analyzed 17 years of GPS data from 168 stations across the Arabian plate. They found the plate to be remarkably stable despite pressure from continental collision and plate breakup. The plate moves as a single block, and its motion relative to neighboring plates has likely remained unchanged for 13 million years. Why it matters: The study provides crucial insights into earthquake hazards and tectonic activity in the Arabian Peninsula, improving risk assessment and infrastructure planning.
KAUST researchers led by Dr. Gyorgy Szekely are developing selective porous membranes to replace energy-intensive separation techniques like distillation in the chemical manufacturing industry. These membrane processes could reduce energy consumption by up to 90% compared to traditional methods. Szekely's team uses AI to optimize separation materials by identifying patterns in previously fragmented data. Why it matters: This research has the potential to significantly reduce the environmental impact of chemical manufacturing, a sector known for its high energy consumption.
KAUST researchers found that inserting a magnesium fluoride layer in perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells can stall charge recombination and enhance performance. The magnesium fluoride interlayer effectively promoted electron extraction from the perovskite active layer and reduced charge recombination at the interface. The resulting tandem solar cell achieved a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 29.1%. Why it matters: Improving the efficiency of solar cells is critical for expanding renewable energy capacity in Saudi Arabia and worldwide.
KAUST researchers have published a review paper in Science magazine covering memristor technology, comparing it to the original transistor. Dr. Mario Lanza is the lead author of the paper, which summarizes data supporting memristor technology readiness across materials and applications. The paper statistically shows the technical criteria for how memristors function in various configurations. Why it matters: Memristors could become the new switching technology standard, surpassing transistors in speed and operational efficiency, especially as current chip technology reaches its quantum limit in terms of size.
KAUST is investing in a state-of-the-art 50-meter oceanographic research vessel (RV) to replace the existing Thuwal RV, selecting Glosten for the design. The new RV will feature a reconfigurable deck, advanced positioning system, and weather-hardy traits tailored for the Red Sea's unique conditions. This upgrade aims to enhance KAUST's marine research capabilities, enabling studies in shallow reef and deep-water environments up to 3000 meters. Why it matters: The advanced vessel positions KAUST to lead Red Sea research, supporting Saudi Arabia's environmental and economic initiatives like NEOM and the Red Sea giga-projects.
KAUST researchers studied the meteorological origins of sea-level extremes in the Red Sea using computer simulations and the ADCIRC storm surge model. They validated their datasets with hourly sea-level observations from six tidal gauges along the Saudi coast. The study found that wind variations over the southern part of the sea are the main drivers of basin-wide sea-level extremes. Why it matters: This research provides critical insights for managing and developing the Red Sea coastline, including megacity projects and tourism, while mitigating their impact on the marine environment.
The KAUST Smart Home has received LEED Platinum certification, ranking second globally with a score of 94. The project retrofitted an existing home with features like 120 solar panels and hydropanels producing drinking water from atmospheric humidity. It also includes a leak detection system and smart fill windows controllable via touch panel. Why it matters: This demonstrates how existing infrastructures in the region can be improved to meet sustainability goals using smart technology.
KAUST community members planted mangrove trees in the university's coastal wetlands as part of the 2022 Winter Enrichment Program (WEP). Mangrove forests are recognized as important carbon sinks, with KAUST hosting a thriving mangrove forest spanning over 110 hectares. The mangrove planting project was initiated to raise awareness of the negative environmental impact associated with travel-related carbon emissions from events like WEP. Why it matters: This initiative highlights the potential of mangrove forests in carbon offsetting and demonstrates KAUST's commitment to environmental sustainability.
KAUST and KACST co-organized the KSA Future of Semiconductors Forum in Riyadh to explore strategies for developing a semiconductor industry in Saudi Arabia. Participants discussed the critical need to secure the global supply chain for semiconductors, especially with rising demand from AI and other fields. KAUST faculty member Dr. Xiaohang Li noted that local semiconductor researchers and developers can play a key role in diversifying the Saudi economy. Why it matters: Developing a domestic semiconductor industry would support Saudi Arabia's ambitions in AI and other technology sectors while enhancing economic diversification and national security.
Emaar, The Economic City (EEC) and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to collaborate on various areas, including community lifestyle, education, transportation, and smart city solutions. The agreement aims to align with KAUST’s research pillars and KAEC’s business strategy. The collaboration also seeks to support the Kingdom's sustainable development goals and drive innovation. Why it matters: This partnership between a leading economic city developer and a top research university in Saudi Arabia has the potential to foster innovation, create jobs, and improve the quality of life in the region, contributing to the goals of Vision 2030.
Jysoo Lee, Facilities Director of Research Computing Core Labs at KAUST, received the SCA HPC Leadership/Achievement Award at SupercomputingAsia 2022 in Singapore. The award recognizes Lee's leadership in developing South Korea's HPC community and advancing international cooperation. Lee led the legislation of the “National Supercomputing Promotion Act” and founded the National Institute of Supercomputing and Networking (NISN) in South Korea. Why it matters: This award highlights KAUST's role in attracting top global talent in HPC and showcases the increasing importance of supercomputing infrastructure in the region.
KAUST researchers are simulating cyberattacks on microgrids to assess their impact and develop detection/suppression methods. They used the Canadian urban distribution model with four inverter-based distributed generations (DGs) to capture system dynamics. The simulations considered attacks altering measurement data, modifying control signals, and causing sudden load changes, all of which had damaging effects. Why it matters: This research is crucial for ensuring the resilience of increasingly complex microgrids against cyber threats, especially as they become more integrated into critical infrastructure.
Professor Jeffrey Sachs of Columbia University gave a keynote at KAUST's Winter Enrichment Program (WEP) 2022 on "resilience." He emphasized the need to end greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century through decarbonizing the energy system. Sachs highlighted the importance of science and technology solutions, especially in adapting to climate change. Why it matters: The talk underscores the importance of KAUST's research initiatives, such as the Circular Carbon Initiative, in developing technologies for carbon capture and utilization, aligning with Saudi Arabia's net-zero targets.
The Technology Innovation Institute (TII) in Abu Dhabi has completed production and testing of the Nukhada Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV). Nukhada is designed for autonomous surveying, inspection, and support of underwater operations. The paper describes the USV's features and trials during development. Why it matters: This development demonstrates the UAE's growing capabilities in autonomous robotics for maritime applications.
KAUST participated in SC21, the international supercomputing conference in St. Louis, Missouri, marking their 13th year of attendance. KAUST highlighted its commitment to being a supercomputing presence in the Arab world and its role in propelling research across scientific disciplines. KAUST graduates are contributing talent across the Middle East, and KAUST Computational Scientist Bilel Hadri will chair the reproducibility initiative at SC22. Why it matters: KAUST's involvement in SC21 underscores the growing importance of HPC in the Middle East and its contribution to building a knowledge-based economy.
KAUST Vice President for Research Dr. Donal Bradley was inaugurated as a Fellow of the U.S. National Academy of Inventors (NAI) at a ceremony in Florida. Bradley holds 16 granted U.S. patents, including a fundamental patent on conjugated polymer electroluminescence (U.S. 5,247,190) that led to the development of OLED displays. His work led to the founding of Cambridge Display Technology and collaborations with Dow Chemical and Sumitomo Chemical. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's impact on global innovation in materials science and engineering, particularly in the development of advanced display technologies.
This paper presents a 2-D convolutional neural network (CNN) approach for damage detection in steel frame structures, using raw acceleration signals as input. The method employs a network of lightweight CNNs, each optimized for a specific element, to enhance accuracy and speed. The proposed framework is validated using the Qatar University Grandstand Simulator (QUGS) benchmark data. Why it matters: The research offers a promising AI-driven solution for real-time structural health monitoring, with potential applications for infrastructure maintenance and safety in the GCC region.
KAUST researchers propose using tethered unmanned aerial vehicles (TUAVs) with cellphone antennas to address public concerns about EMF exposure from mobile networks. The TUAVs would receive signals, reducing users' uplink exposure and employing low power 'green antennas' that do not radiate EMF. A network of ground stations would provide power and broadband data links to the TUAVs. Why it matters: The system could allow the development of 6G mobile systems to continue while decreasing EMF exposure, and the team has already applied for a U.S. patent for their proposal, indicating significant commercial potential.
The KAUST Supercomputing Core Lab (KSL) and the National Center of Meteorology (NCM) have been collaborating since 2016 to enhance weather forecasting capabilities in Saudi Arabia. KSL provides consultation, data storage, and computing time on the Shaheen II supercomputer to NCM. This collaboration has led to a significant increase in NCM's HPC facility computing capacity, from 10 to 380 TFLOPS, with ongoing work to reach 1.8 PFLOPS. Why it matters: This partnership strengthens Saudi Arabia's ability to provide accurate and timely weather forecasts, crucial for public safety, aviation, and national security, demonstrating the importance of HPC in addressing critical environmental challenges.
KAUST researchers are working on green hydrogen production, which uses renewable energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The current methods are capital intensive and require desalinated water, which is scarce in desert regions. KAUST is partnering with NEOM, a futuristic region on the Red Sea, where green hydrogen will be an important part of the economy. Why it matters: Innovations in green hydrogen production and cost reduction will be critical for sustainable energy in regions like Saudi Arabia.
KAUST and the National Industrial Development and Logistics Program (NIDLP) will establish a capability center for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in Saudi Arabia's western region. A memorandum of understanding (MoU) was signed by KAUST President Dr. Tony Chan and NIDLP CEO Eng. Suliman Al Mazroua. The center aims to accelerate the adoption of 4IR technologies in sectors like industry, mining, energy and logistics. Why it matters: This partnership will drive digital transformation and economic diversification in line with Saudi Vision 2030 by fostering local capabilities in advanced technologies.
KAUST and Leica Microsystems have renewed their partnership for the KAUST-Leica Center of Excellence for Optical Microscopy. The partnership has supported studies such as 3D-printed microneedles and climate adaptation in date palms, utilizing Leica's LIGHTNING technology. The Center of Excellence also hosts joint technological forums and outreach activities to develop local and regional expertise. Why it matters: The renewal strengthens KAUST's research and education in optical microscopy, fostering collaboration within Saudi Arabia and the broader region to build advanced expertise in this field.
KAUST's Workshops Core Lab launched the first scientific glassblowing apprenticeship program in Saudi Arabia. The program trains Saudi apprentices in the specialized skills of scientific glassblowing, essential for creating and repairing glassware used in research. Apprentices Faisal Nour and Mohammed Al-Amri began training in 2020 and will undergo 7,000 hours of mentorship. Why it matters: This initiative addresses a critical gap in scientific infrastructure and expertise within Saudi Arabia, fostering self-sufficiency in research support and potentially establishing KAUST as a regional center for glassblowing consultation.
KAUST and Bruker have renewed their Memorandum of Understanding and expanded it into a Strategic Partnership and Collaboration Agreement. The initial MoU launched the KAUST-Bruker Center of Excellence (CoE) for Magnetic Resonance (MR) located in the University's Core Laboratories in 2018. The expanded agreement extends the CoE to include X-ray technologies, enhancing technological interaction between the two organizations. Why it matters: This partnership strengthens KAUST's research capabilities and positions it as a leader in scientific innovation in Saudi Arabia and the wider region.
KAUST and Tabadul, Saudi Arabia's digital logistics services provider, have signed an MoU to collaborate on research and innovation projects aimed at advancing global trade in the Kingdom. Tabadul will leverage KAUST's expertise in AI, Blockchain, and related areas to enhance efficiency in logistics and mobility. The partnership aims to launch technology innovation activities and explore big data analytics and AI/ML solutions to enhance Tabadul's platforms. Why it matters: This collaboration aims to transform Saudi Arabia into a high-tech logistics hub, aligning with Vision 2030 and attracting investments in the logistics sector.
MEDAD, a KAUST spin-off, won the 2020 MEED Sustainability Medal for its "Innovative Hybrid Solar Desalination Cycle." The MEDAD hybrid cycle desalinates seawater using solar energy at 60-80 degrees Celsius, combining adsorption with multi-effect desalination. The cycle achieved performance levels of 20% of thermodynamic limits and a water production cost of $0.48/m3. Why it matters: This award recognizes the potential of KAUST-developed technology to address critical water scarcity challenges in the GCC region through sustainable and cost-effective desalination.
Oman is actively pursuing a digital transformation agenda focused on integrating emerging technologies, particularly Artificial Intelligence, to drive its future economic growth. This strategic initiative aims to diversify the national economy, enhance public service delivery, and foster innovation across various sectors within the Sultanate. Efforts include developing robust digital infrastructure, attracting foreign and local investment, and upskilling the national workforce to meet future technological demands. Why it matters: This highlights Oman's national commitment to leveraging advanced technologies as a fundamental pillar of its long-term development strategy and to boost its global competitiveness.
KAUST researchers have developed a novel wastewater treatment method that recovers energy while removing ammonium. The process harnesses anammox bacteria to oxidize ammonium and generate electrical current or hydrogen gas. Pilot-scale reactors are being tested at KAUST, coupled with photovoltaic panels for solar-powered wastewater treatment. Why it matters: This approach could lead to more energy-efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment, aligning with circular economy principles.
KAUST launched the Circular Carbon Initiative (CCI) to address carbon management, capture, conversion, and storage of atmospheric CO2. The initiative involves developing materials and technologies to capture CO2 and exploring geothermal energy and geological storage. Novel fuel production will redefine CO2 as a valuable material through e-fuel developments. Why it matters: The CCI positions KAUST as a key player in developing sustainable technologies and contributing to Saudi Arabia's climate goals.
KAUST Professor Mohamed-Slim Alouini has been elected as a 2021 Fellow of the Optical Society (OSA) for his contributions to optical wireless communications. Alouini is a professor of electrical and computer engineering and the associate dean of the CEMSE Division at KAUST. He was also appointed by KAUST as Distinguished Professor, effective November 1, 2020. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's growing influence in cutting-edge research areas like wireless communication and optics within the Middle East.
KAUST's Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) is expanding its partnership with the Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC). The collaboration aims to advance water desalination technologies in line with national priorities. The partnership will also focus on training the next generation of experts in the Kingdom. Why it matters: This expansion strengthens Saudi Arabia's focus on sustainable water solutions through research and development.
In July 2020, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) became a corporate tenant in the KAUST Research and Technology Park (KRTP). HPE will strengthen the KAUST Core Labs team, providing day-to-day support for the Shaheen II supercomputer, which has supported over 1,000 users and 650 publications. Future collaborations between HPE and KAUST will include projects in genomics, linear algebra, combustion computational fluid dynamics, and density-functional theory codes. Why it matters: This partnership enhances KAUST's research capabilities, aligning with Saudi Vision 2030 to drive scientific, economic, and social advances through high-performance computing.
KAUST Professor David Keyes chaired the International Supercomputing Conference (ISC) 2020, which was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The conference featured a record registration of 4,735 specialists in high-performance computing (HPC). A paper by KAUST Ph.D. students Noha Al-Harthi and Rabab Al-Omairi on computationally simulated acoustic scattering won the 2020 Gauss Award. Why it matters: KAUST's leadership in ISC and the Gauss Award highlight Saudi Arabia's growing contributions to the global HPC community.
KAUST researchers developed Aqua-Fi, a system for underwater wireless communication using lasers and off-the-shelf components. The system uses a Raspberry Pi as a modem to convert Wi-Fi signals to optical signals, enabling bi-directional communication. Using blue and green lasers, they achieved 2.11 megabits per second over 20 meters, compliant with IEEE 802.11 standards. Why it matters: This innovation could significantly improve underwater data transmission, benefiting applications such as environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, and communication with underwater devices.
KAUST and the Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) collaborated to reduce non-technical losses in the Saudi power sector using machine learning. KAUST Visualization Core Lab (KVL) developed models using five years of SEC billing data from the Riyadh area to predict electricity usage and detect anomalous billing transactions. SEC estimates it could recover at least 73,000,000 SAR in lost revenue by correcting anomalies identified by KAUST models. Why it matters: This partnership demonstrates the potential of AI to address inefficiencies and fraud in critical infrastructure sectors in Saudi Arabia.
KAUST is developing a phased reopening plan in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The plan addresses the gradual return of operations, including laboratories, innovation ecosystem, students, faculty, and staff. It aims to balance community protection with minimizing disruption, focusing on a phased approach to a "new normal." Why it matters: This signals a move towards resuming research activities and on-site work at a leading Saudi research institution, impacting the pace of AI and technology development in the Kingdom.
KAUST is offering access to its Shaheen II supercomputer and other computing resources for COVID-19 research projects by researchers across the Kingdom. Researchers can apply for computing allocations by submitting a proposal to projects@hpc.kaust.edu.sa. The resources available include Shaheen II, the Ibex cluster, and support from KSL staff scientists. Why it matters: This initiative will accelerate COVID-19 research in Saudi Arabia by providing access to advanced computing infrastructure and expertise.
KAUST researchers are addressing the challenge of growing electricity consumption in cooling technologies, as the global demand for air conditioning increases by 3-4% annually. In Saudi Arabia, cooling systems account for up to 70% of electricity usage during the summer. Researchers at KAUST's Water Desalination and Reuse Center are exploring ways to improve the energy efficiency of chillers to reduce costs and CO2 emissions. Why it matters: Improving cooling efficiency is critical for reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions, especially in hot climates like Saudi Arabia and other GCC countries.
KAUST and Saudi Arabia's National Cybersecurity Authority (NCA) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on February 5 to strengthen national cybersecurity. The collaboration includes developing educational programs, consulting on curricula, and sharing information on the national cybersecurity workforce. The MoU also covers joint research projects, technical meetings, and forums to present research and expertise. Why it matters: This partnership aims to enhance Saudi Arabia's cybersecurity capabilities through education, research, and knowledge exchange, aligning with national strategic goals.
MIT researchers have developed a new AI system that uses satellite imagery and street-level photos to add details to digital maps. The AI model can identify features like building footprints, road networks, and vegetation cover with high accuracy. It then enriches existing maps by adding these features, improving their usability for navigation and urban planning. Why it matters: This technology can significantly enhance the quality and detail of digital maps, particularly in areas where up-to-date map data is lacking, enabling better AI-powered applications.
KAUST and ARMOR, a global technology company, have collaborated to create new solar-powered outdoor seating featuring flexible, lightweight, and semi-transparent solar technologies. The installation of the smart solar street furniture has been completed on KAUST campus in Saudi Arabia. The ASCA film used draws on technology co-developed by researchers at the KAUST Solar Center, using printed semiconducting inks on plastic film. Why it matters: This project demonstrates the potential for integrating KAUST's solar research into commercially viable applications and strengthens ARMOR's presence in the MENA region.
KAUST's Core Labs provide engineering simulation services and training using state-of-the-art technology. The Supercomputing Core Lab (KSL) at KAUST conducts training workshops in partnership with ANSYS, a market leader in engineering and simulation design software. Since 2017, KSL has conducted five training workshops related to engineering software in partnership with ANSYS, with 230 attendees, including 138 individuals from in-Kingdom institutions outside of KAUST. Why it matters: These workshops strengthen Saudi Arabia's engineering capabilities by providing access to simulation software and training, facilitating collaboration between KAUST, Saudi Aramco, and SABIC.